Khenpo Kunga Wangchuk 貢噶．旺秋堪布
Khenpo Kunga Wangchuk (Wyl. mkhan po kun dga' dbang phyug) (1921-2008) was the seniormost khenpo at the Dzongsar Institute in India.
貢噶．旺秋堪布（1921-2008）是印度宗薩佛學院最資深的堪布。
Khenpo Ngawang Kunga Wangchuk was born in 1921 in the state of Derge in East Tibet, in the Jonda district, in the village of Renda. At the age of twelve his parents taught him to read and write. He worked on his parents' farm until the age of eighteen.
拿旺．貢噶．旺秋堪布於西元1921年出生於東藏德格江達地區的仁達村中（中譯註：今昌都地區江達縣生達鄉仁達村）。12歲時，由父母親教導他閱讀和寫字，堪布在父母親的農場裡工作直到18歲。
In 1938 he took monastic ordination at Dosib Monastery, which belonged to the Ngor lineage of the Sakya school. His uncle, Khenchen Dosib Thubten Gyaltsen, was the head of the Monastery. From Dosib Khenpo Dzepa Lekshe he received the precepts of an ordained monk. When Khenchen Dosib Thubten Gyaltsen founded a shedra at the Monastery, Kunga Wangchuk was able to join the teachings.
1938年，堪布在屬於薩迦派哦巴傳承的的多系寺領受出家戒，當時他的舅舅多系．圖登．嘉岑大堪布（Khenchen Dosib Thubten Gyaltsen）是該寺的住持。當年堪布是從多系堪布澤巴．雷謝（Dosib Khenpo Dzepa Lekshe）處領受出家戒，而後當多系．圖登．嘉岑大堪布在寺內成立佛學院時，貢噶．旺秋也得以一起上課。
In 1939 Kunga Wangchuk went on a one-year pilgrimage to Lhasa and Central Tibet. At Ngor Monastery he received the precepts of full monastic ordination from Ngor Khenchen Jampa Namkha Kunzang Tenpe Gyaltsen, and received the name Kunga Wangchuk. Returning first to Kham, at the age of twenty-two, he joined the shedra at Öntö Monastery in order to study with Öntö Khyenrab Chökyi Özer. In 1943, Jamyang Khyentse Chökyi Lodrö requested Khenchen Dosib Thubten Gyaltsen to teach as the main khenpo at Dzongsar Shedra. Kunga Wangchuk accompanied his uncle as his attendant. This was the first time Kunga Wangchuk met Jaymang Khyentse Chökyi Lodro. He went on to receive many teachings from him, including a commentary on Shantideva’s Compendium of Training.
1939年，貢噶．旺秋前去拉薩和衛藏朝聖一年。在哦寺，他從哦．堪千．蔣巴．南卡．袞桑．滇貝．嘉岑（Ngor Khenchen Jampa Namkha Kunzang Tenpe Gyaltsen）處獲得具足比丘戒，並得到了貢噶．旺秋這個法名。22歲那年，他首先回到康區，進入旺丁寺（Öntö Monastery）的佛學院，以便依止旺丁．欽惹．確吉．沃瑟（Öntö Khyenrab Chökyi Özer）學習。1943年，蔣揚．欽哲．確吉．羅卓邀請多系．圖登．嘉岑大堪布至宗薩佛學院任教，擔任住持堪布，貢噶．旺秋便以侍者的身份伴隨舅舅一同前往。這是貢噶．旺秋第一次見到蔣揚．欽哲．卻吉．羅卓，並進而從其處得到包括寂天菩薩《學處要集》等在內的諸多法教。
Khenchen Dosib Thubten Gyaltsen taught for eight years at Dzongsar Shedra and Kunga Wangchuk was able to join the teachings for the entire period. During this time, Kunga Wangchuk became his uncle's assistant teacher. He later said that the pressure to prepare for the teaching sessions was so great that he had to study for most of the night and hardly found time to sleep.
多系．圖登．嘉岑大堪布在宗薩佛學院任教八年，貢噶 ．旺秋不但參與了整個期間的課程，而且在這期間還成為他舅舅的助教。他曾說，為了要準備在課堂上的教學，壓力大到使他常常研讀到大半夜，幾乎連睡覺的時間都沒有。
Later, Kunga Wangchuk received many teachings on sutra and tantra from Dezhung Tulku Ajam Rinpoche, and Yena Chöphel Rabgye. In total, Kunga Wangchuk studied for over ten years with Dzongsar Khyentse Chökyi Lodro and his uncle Khenchen Dosib Thubten Gyaltsen.
其後，貢噶．旺秋從德松．祖古．安江仁波切（Dezhung Tulku Ajam Rinpoche）和葉納．群培．繞傑（Yena Chöphel Rabgye）處領受了許多經續二部的法教。貢噶．旺秋一共師從宗薩．欽哲．確吉．羅卓和他的舅舅多系．圖登．嘉岑大堪布十多年的時間。
At the age of thirty-one, in 1951, Kunga Wangchuk returned to Dosib Monastery and became the main khenpo there, teaching about twenty students. In 1956, he started a shedra at Vara Monastery in Derge with twenty students. He taught there until 1959, when the Chinese invasion of Tibet made it impossible to teach any longer. He was imprisoned by the Chinese from 1962 until 1980. After his release, he stayed with relatives in Derge for one year.
1951年，在31歲的時候，貢噶．旺秋回到多系寺，成為寺院的住持堪布，教導約20名學生。1956年，他在德格的瓦惹寺成立一所有20名學生的佛學院。他在瓦惹寺任教直至1959年，當中共入侵西藏之後，便無法再繼續傳法。從1962年到1980年期間，他被中共監禁。在獲釋後，他在德格的親戚家住了一年。
During this time, he received three letters from Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche inviting him to India. After a long seven-month journey, Khenchen Kunga Wangchuk finally arrived in Sikkim at the age of 62. Following an extensive pilgrimage in Nepal and India, he started the new Dzongsar Shedra in 1983 in West Sikkim, at the holy site of Dechen Ling. In the beginning, the shedra only had seven students, one of whom was Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche himself.
在此期間，他收到三封來自宗薩．欽哲仁波切的信件，邀請他到印度。經過了七個月的漫長旅程，貢噶．旺秋大堪布終於抵達錫金，時年62歲。在尼泊爾和印度各處朝聖之後，1983年，他在西錫金的德千林聖地，組建新的宗薩佛學院。開始的時候，佛學院只有七名學生，其中一人是宗薩欽哲仁波切本人。
In 1985 the Dzongsar Shedra moved from Sikkim to Bir in North India. Over 70 monks joined the new shedra, and by 2003 the number of students had grown to 450.
1985年，宗薩佛學院由錫金遷移到北印度的比爾。有超過70名僧人加入了這所新佛學院，並且學生人數在2003年時增至450人。
Khenchen Kunga Wangchuk himself taught until he reached the age of 73. He always taught the thirteen great texts based on Khenpo Shenga’s commentaries, and he himself composed further commentaries to several of Khenpo Shenga's texts. In 1997, during a visit to Taiwan, he composed a commentary on the ninth chapter of the Bodhicharyavatara.
貢噶．旺秋大堪布一直親自教學，直到他73歲為止。他總是以賢噶堪布的論釋為基礎而教導13部大論，他自己也對多部賢噶堪布的論述做了進一步的釋文。1997年，在造訪台灣期間，他撰寫了一份對《入菩薩行論》第九品的論釋。
Through his great efforts, Dzongsar Institute renewed its reputation as one of the foremost centres of Buddhist learning. In 2004, it was relocated to Chauntra and renamed the Dzongsar Khyentse Chökyi Lodrö Institute. His Holiness the Dalai Lama presided over the three-day inauguration.[1]
經過他的努力，宗薩佛學院再次獲得了名列一流佛學研讀中心的美名。2004年，佛學院遷往炯達拉（Chauntra）並改名為宗薩．欽哲．確吉．羅卓學院，尊者 達賴喇嘛主持了這場為期三天的落成典禮。
臉書連結：貢噶旺秋堪布（Khenpo Kunga Wangchuk）
Notes
- ↑ This biography is adapted from 'Life Story of Dzongsar Khenpo Kunga Wangchuk' by Andreas Kretschmar, www.kunpal.org
- （這份傳記是摘自安德烈斯．克瑞西瑪爾的《宗薩堪布貢噶旺秋之生平故事》，www.kunpal.org）
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