Five buddha families 五佛部

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Five buddha families (Skt. pañcakula; Wyl. rigs lnga, Tib. rik nga) —


  1. buddha family (Skt. tathāgatakula; Wyl. de bzhin gshegs pa'i rigs)
  2. vajra family (Skt. vajrakula; Wyl. rdo rje'i rigs)
  3. ratna or jewel family (Skt. ratnakula)
  4. padma or lotus family (Skt. padmakula; Wyl. pad ma'i rigs)
  5. karma or action family (Skt. karmakula)
Diagram of the Five Buddha Families[1]
family buddha vajra ratna padma karma
direction centre east south west north
colour blue white yellow red green
family symbol eight-spoked wheel vajra jewel lotus double vajra or sword
masculine buddha[2] Vairochana[3] Vajrasattva-Akshobhya[4] Ratnasambhava Amitabha Amoghasiddhi
wisdom[5] wisdom of dharmadhatu mirror-like wisdom wisdom of equality wisdom of discernment all-accomplishing wisdom
poison[6] delusion or ignorance anger pride desire jealousy
skhanda[7] form consciousness feeling perception formations
feminine buddha[8] Dhatvishvari Buddhalochana or Mamaki Mamaki or Lochana Pandaravasini Samayatara
element[9] space water earth fire air

Notes

  1. ↑ Version based on the Nyingma, inner tantras
  2. ↑ each family is associated with one of the buddhas of the five families
  3. ↑ in the Sarma tantras, Akshobhya is often at the centre of the mandala, instead of Vairochana
  4. ↑ in the Sarma tantras, Vairochana is often in the eastern direction, instead of Akshobhya
  5. ↑ each buddha is associated to one of the five wisdoms
  6. ↑ each wisdom is a transmutation of one of the five poisons
  7. ↑ each buddha is associated to one of the five skandhas
  8. ↑ in union with each of the five buddhas
  9. ↑ each female buddha represents the purity of one of the five elements

Further Reading

  • Chögyam Trungpa,
    • Journey Without Goal: The Tantric Wisdom of the Buddha, The Collected Works of Chögyam Trungpa, Volume Four (Boston & London: Shambhala, 2003), Ch. 9 'The Five Buddha Families'.
    • The Lion’s Roar: An Introduction to Tantra, The Collected Works of Chögyam Trungpa, Volume Four (Boston & London: Shambhala, 2003), Part Two, Ch. 7 'The Five Buddha Families and Mahamudra'.

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