Tibetan Grammar - Syntactic particles

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Articles on Tibetan Grammar

1. Introduction

2. Formation of the Tibetan Syllable

3. Formation of the Tibetan Word

4. First case: ming tsam

5. La don particles

6. La don particles—Notes

7. Originative case

8. Verbs

9. Verbs—Notes

10. Syntactic particles

by Stefan J. Eckel

Syntactic Non Case Marking Particles

The following particles are "non case marking" when taking the eight Tibetan cases as base to determine which particles are case marking. Some of them are considered case marking particles in other presentations.

For instance Nicolas Tournadre: "In summary, according to the above morphological analysis, Literary Tibetan has ten grammatical cases:

1. absolutive, ངོ་བོ་ཙམ་, 2. agentive, བྱེད་སྒྲ་, 3. genitive, འབྲེལ་སྒྲ་, 4. dative, ལ་སྒྲ་, 5. purposive, དུ་སྒྲ་, 6. locative, ན་སྒྲ་, 7. ablative, ལས་སྒྲ་, 8. elative, ནས་སྒྲ་, 9. associative, དང་སྒྲ་, and 10. comparative, བས་སྒྲ་."

Notes

The formerly called "Coordinating particle, དང་སྒྲ་" is now the associative particle དང་སྒྲ་