檢視 Twenty-eight ishvaris 二十八自在母的原始碼

The '''twenty-eight ishvaris''' (Skt. ''īśvarī''; Tib. ''wangchukma nyer gyé''; [[Wyl.]] ''dbang phyug ma nyer brgyad'') <noinclude> are found in [[Mahayoga]] mandalas, such as the [[fifty-eight wrathful deities]], and are also considered to be samaya-bound guardians in forms brought about by their own past actions. [[Yukhok Chatralwa Chöying Rangdrol]] explains the latter term by saying that such guardians "transcend the world and yet still appear in worldly forms created by their past [[karma]] and [[disturbing emotions]] like ordinary worldly beings. For example, when Vajra Manushya Rakshasi was the wife of Ravana, king of the [[Rakshasa]]s, she had the face of a rakshasi, but then when she was abducted by [[Rudra]], she transformed her rakshasi face into that of a yak."</noinclude>

The twenty-eight ishvaris are composed of four groups of six [[yogini]]s corresponding to the [[four activities]], and of the four female outer-gate keepers: 

相應於［息增懷誅］四事業的四類瑜伽母，各有六位，再加上四位外門的守護母，共計廿八位自在母

1. The six yoginis corresponding to the activity of pacifying:<br/>
相應於息災事業的六瑜伽母<br/>
[[Image:white_ishvaris_w.jpg|500px]]
*Rakshasi (white) 白羅刹天／牛頭羅剎女 
*Brahmi 梵天／蛇頭梵天女
*Mahadevi 大天／豹頭大天女
*Lobha 大自在天
*Kumari 童子天
*Indrani 帝釋天／熊頭帝釋女


2. The six yoginis corresponding to the activity of increasing:<br/>
相應於增益事業的六瑜伽母<br/>
[[Image:yellow_ishvaris_w.jpg|500px]]
*Vajra 金剛／金剛蝙蝠頭女
*Shanti 寂天／寂魔羯頭女
*Amrita 甘露／甘露蠍面女
*Chandra 太陰／月鷂頭女
*Danda 遍入天／棍狐面女
*Rakshasi (dark yellow) 深黃羅刹／虎面羅剎女


3. The six yoginis corresponding to the activity of magnetizing:<br/>
相應於懷愛事業的六瑜伽母<br/>
[[Image:red_ishvaris_w.jpg|500px]]
*Bhakshini 食者／深鷲頭女
*Rati 歡喜者／喜馬面女
*Mahabala 大力者／大勢鵬面女
*Rakshasi (pale red) 淡紅羅刹／狗面羅剎女
*Kama 欲樂／欲帶勝鳥面女
*Vasuraksha 護財／守財鹿頭女


4. The six yoginis corresponding to the activity of subjugating:<br/>
相應於誅伏事業的六瑜伽母<br/>
[[Image:green_ishvaris_w.jpg|500px]]
*Vayudevi 風天／風神狼頭女
*Nari 婦女／火母野羊頭女
*Varahi 亥母女／豬首女
*Nanda 金剛（匕首）／金剛侏鴉頭女
*Mahahastini 鼻者／長鼻象頭女
*Varunadevi 水天／水神蛇面女


5. The last group is composed of the four female outer-gate keepers.<br/>
四外門守護女<br/>
[[Image:4_female_gatekeepers.jpg|500px]]<br/>
［譯註：東門：白金剛杜鵑首母，持鉤；南門：黃金剛山羊首母，持索；西門：紅金剛獅子首母，持鎖；北門：綠金剛蟒蛇首母，持鈴。］
<noinclude>

[[Category:Buddhas and Deities]]
[[Category:Hundred Peaceful and Wrathful Deities]]
[[Category:Dharma Protectors]]
[[Category:Enumerations]]
[[Category:20s-Twenties]]</noinclude>