Mudra

出自Decode_Wiki
於 2015年8月20日 (四) 12:15 由 SSTC Bubble對話 | 貢獻 所做的修訂 (已匯入 1 筆修訂)
(差異) ←上個修訂 | 最新修訂 (差異) | 下個修訂→ (差異)
跳至導覽 跳至搜尋

Mudra (Skt. mudrā; Tib. ཕྱག་རྒྱ་, chakgya; Wyl. phyag rgya), which literally means 'seal', is most commonly used in the context of Vajrayana practice and in iconography to refer to ritual hand gestures, which, together with mantra, are intended to enhance samadhi. Such gestures can represent particular deities, aspects of enlightenment or offering substances.

It is common to speak of mantra, mudra and samadhi as a triad, wherein mantra corresponds to enlightened speech, mudra to enlightened body, and samadhi to enlightened mind. In fact, the word mudra can refer to the deity's form as a whole or to their insignia. The teachings also refer to four kinds of mudra. Mudra is, together with mantra, the tenth of the ten topics of tantra described in the teachings connected with the Guhyagarbha Tantra.

Subdivisions

The four kinds of mudra are:

  1. the great mudra (Skt. mahāmudrā; Wyl. phyag rgya chen po) (see mahamudra)
  2. the dharma mudra (Skt. dharmamudrā; Wyl. chos kyi phyag rgya)
  3. the samaya mudra (Skt. samayamudrā; Wyl. dam tshig gi phyag rgya)
  4. the activity mudra (Skt. karmamudrā; Wyl. las kyi phyag rgya)

Or alternatively:

  1. the dharma mudra (Skt. dharmamudrā; Wyl. chos kyi phyag rgya)
  2. the great mudra (Skt. mahāmudrā; Wyl. phyag rgya chen po)
  3. the primordial wisdom mudra (Skt. jñanamudrā; Wyl. ye shes phyag rgya)
  4. the activity mudra (Skt. karmamudrā; Wyl. las kyi phyag rgya)

Depending on the context, mudras of hand gestures could be either samaya mudras or activity mudras.

Mudras (Hand Gestures) Which Are Common to All Three Yanas

External Links