Six Munis 六能仁

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The Six Munis © 2004 Shechen Archives

The Six Munis (Skt.; Tib. Tubpa Druk; Tib. ཐུབ་པ་དྲུག་, Wyl. thub pa drug) are the supreme nirmanakaya buddhas for each of the six classes of beings. They are:
相應度脫六道眾生的無上化身佛。分別是:

  1. Indra Kaushika 天道能仁─天帝帝釋(Skt.; Tib. དབང་པོ་བརྒྱ་བྱིན་, Wangpo Gyajin; Wyl. dbang po brgya byin) for the god realms
  2. Vemachitra 非天能仁─綺畫修羅王(毗摩質多)(Skt. Vemacitra; Tib. ཐགས་བཟང་རིས་, Taksangri; Wyl. thags bzang ris) for the demi-gods or asura realms
  3. Shakyamuni 人道能仁─釋迦牟尼(Tib. ཤཱཀྱ་ཐབ་པ་, Wyl. shAkya thub pa) for the human realm
  4. Shravasingha or Dhruvasiṃha 旁生道能仁─堅淨師子(Skt.; Tib. སེང་གེ་རབ་བརྟན་, Sengé Rabten; Wyl. seng ge rab brtan) for the animal realm
  5. Jvālamukhadeva 餓鬼道能仁─焰口天(Skt.; Tib. ཁ་འབར་དེ་བ་, Khabar Dewa; Wyl. kha ‘bar de ba) for the preta realms
  6. Dharmarāja 地獄道能仁─法王(Skt.; Tib. ཆོས་ཀྱི་རྒྱལ་པོ་, Chökyi Gyalpo; Wyl. chos kyi rgyal po) for the hell realms

[譯註:能仁也可以直接翻譯為佛陀,堅淨一詞出於《地藏占察經》當中「堅淨信菩薩」的譯詞;感謝敦珠貝瑪南嘉師兄指導。2015.05.27更正]
參考網頁「文武百尊中英對照表(二)文尊/寂靜尊」

Alternative Translations

  • Six Sages

Further Reading

  • Dudjom Rinpoche, The Nyingma School of Tibetan Buddhism, Its Fundamentals and History, trans. and ed. Gyurme Dorje (Boston: Wisdom, 1991), vol.1 page 129-130.