中英名相對照:藏密詞彙錄音

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於 2021年1月16日 (六) 19:21 由 SSTC Serena對話 | 貢獻 所做的修訂
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三分 / 三種現象:現前分、不現前分(隱蔽分)、最極隱蔽分 manifest phenomena, hidden phenomena, and extremely hidden phenomena

三量 /《攝類學》:現量、比量、聖教量(正教量) valid perception, valid inference, and the authority of the Buddha’s teaching
四量:現量、比量、聖教量(正教量)、史傳量
84,000 teachings / 八萬四千法門(藏cho kyi phung po gyad khri bzhi stong): 經、律、阿毗達磨(論)及其總和,各有二萬一千教法,其目的是為了滅除在內心潛藏的八萬四千種不同煩惱。

藏密詞彙錄音

以下依照《普賢上師言教》英譯版 Words of My Perfect Teacher 詞彙解釋 Glossary 依序錄音,人名和地名等名稱原則上不錄音,因而此處也不收錄。感謝藏文譯者 Laren 提供錄音,普賢法譯小組 Freda, Natalie & Rebecca 編輯文字和檔名、Serena 參考中譯版修潤說明,若有錯誤敬請指正,祈願更多佛法修行者投入翻譯利生事業,廣度自他一切有情!

Abbot;藏 mkhan po:堪布/住持/授戒師 Abhidharma(梵);藏 mngon pa:論藏(音譯「阿毘達磨」) Absolute space;藏 chos dbyings;梵 dharmadhātu:法界 Absolute truth;藏 don dam bden pa;梵 paramārtha satya:勝義諦 accomplishment;藏 bsnyen sgrub:指的是「近修四支」(approach and accomplishment)的修/修成 Ācārya(梵);藏 slob dpon:阿闍黎 Ācārya Padma(梵);藏 slob dpon padma:蓮花阿闍黎 Accomplishment;藏 dngos grub;梵 siddhi:成就(音譯:悉地) Adhicitta(梵);藏 sems lhag can:增上心(音譯:阿底崎達,極喜金剛的前世) Akaniṣṭha(梵);藏'og min:奧明淨土/色究竟天(於不同脈絡有不同用法) Akṣobhya(梵);藏 mi bskyod pa:不動佛/阿閦佛 All victorious banner;藏 phyogs las rnam par rgyal ba'i rgyalmtshan:尊勝幡 All Victorious Palace;藏 rnam rgyal pho brang:尊勝宮 Ambrosia;藏 bdud rtsi;梵 amṛita:甘露 Amitābha(梵);藏'od dpag med:阿彌陀佛/無量光佛 Amitāyus(梵);藏 tshe dpag med:無量壽佛 Amoghasiddhi(梵);藏 don yod grub pa:不空成就佛 Ānanda(梵);藏 kun dga' bo:阿難尊者 Ānandagarbha(梵);藏 bde mchog snying po:妙喜藏(極喜金剛的前世) Ancient Tradition;藏 rnying ma pa:舊傳/寧瑪派 Ancient Translations;藏 snga'gyur:舊譯派 Aṅgulimāla(梵);藏 sor mo threng ba:央掘摩羅/指鬘外道 Anuyoga:阿努瑜伽 Aperture of Brahmā;藏 tshang pa'i bu ga;梵 brahmarandra:梵穴 Appearances;藏 snang ba:顯相 Approach and accomplishment;藏 bsnyen sgrub:近修/依修/念修四支,分別為:念誦、近誦、修成、大修成 Arhat(梵);藏 dgra bcom pa:阿羅漢 Āryadeva(梵);藏'phags pa lha:聖提婆/聖天尊者 Asaṅga(梵);藏 thogs med:無著尊者 Atīśa:阿底峽尊者 Atiyoga:無上瑜伽 Avalokiteśvara(梵);藏 spyan ras gzigs〔Chenrezi〕: 觀世音菩薩 Awareness;藏 rig pa;梵 vidyā:本覺/覺性

Becoming;藏 srid pa:投生

Beginning:本始

Bell;藏 dril bu;梵 ghaṇṭā:鈴

Bhagavān(梵);藏 bcom ldan 'das:薄伽梵

Bhṛikuṭī(梵);藏 jo mo khro gnyer can:忿蹙度母

Bile;藏 mkhris pa:膽(音譯「赤巴」)

Bindu(梵);藏 thigle:明點

Bliss〔experience〕;藏 bde nyams:樂(一種禪修覺受)

Bliss and emptiness;藏 bde stong:樂空

Blissful (pure land) ;藏 bde ba can;梵 Sukhāvatī:極樂淨土

Bodhicitta(梵);藏 byang chub kyi sems:菩提心

Bodhisattva(梵);藏 byang chub sems dpa’:菩薩/菩提薩埵

Bodhisattva Abbot:菩薩堪布(藏人所稱的寂護大師)

Bodhisattva levels;藏'phags pa'i sa:菩薩果位/地

Bodhnath (stupa);藏 bya rung kha shor:博達那佛塔/滿願大白塔

Body, speech, mind, qualities and activity;藏 sku, gsung, thugs, yon tan, phrin las:身、語、意、功德、事業

Bӧnpo(藏);梵 bon po:苯教徒

Border country;藏 mtha' 'khob:邊地(相對於有佛法的「中土」)

Brahmā(梵);藏 tshangs pa:梵天

Brahmā world;藏 tshang pa'i 'jig rten;梵 brahmaloka:梵天界

Brahmin(梵);藏 bram ze:婆羅門

Buddha;藏 sangs rgyas:佛/佛陀

Buddha Nature;藏 de gshegs snying po;梵 tathāgatagarbha:佛性/如來藏

Burnt offering;藏 gsur:煙供

Calling the teacher from afar;藏 bla ma rgyang 'bod:遙呼上師(祈請文之一)

Cāmaradvīpa(梵);藏 rnga yab gling:遮末羅洲

Central channel;藏 rtsa dbu ma;梵 avadhūti:中脈

Channel;藏 rtsa;梵 nāḍi:脈

Channels and energies〔exercise of〕;藏 rtsa rlung gi 'phrul 'khor:脈、氣修持(脈、氣的音譯:雜嚨)

Chenrezi:藏 spyan ras gzigs :四臂觀音菩薩(藏文拼音)

Chӧ(梵);藏 gcod : 斷境(俗稱:施身法)

Circumambulation(梵);藏 skor ba : 繞行

Clarity (experience):藏 gsal nyams : 明(一種禪修覺受)

Clarity, increase and attainment:藏 snang mched thob : 顯、增、得

Clear light : 藏 ’od gsal;梵 prabhāsvara : 明光

Clear light of the moment of the ground : 藏 gzhi dus kyi ’od gsal : 基光明

Clear Light (gods of) : 藏 ’od gsal gyi lha;梵 Ābhāsvara:光音天/極光淨天

Clinging : 藏 ’dzin pa : 攀執

Common accomplishments : 藏 thun mong gi dngos grub : 共的成就

Concentration: 藏 bsam gtan;梵 dhyāna:禪定/靜慮

Concept or Conceptual reference: 藏 dmigs pa:概念/所緣

Conceptual obscurations : 藏 shes bya’i srib pa;梵 jӣeyāvaraņa:所知障

Conditioned : 藏 ’dus byas;梵 saḿskŗita:有為法

Conditioning effect : 藏 dbang gi ‘bras bu:增上果

Conqueror : 藏 rgyal ba;梵 jina:勝者(佛的稱號之一)

Consort : 藏 yum:女性本尊/佛母;藏 gsang yum:偉大喇嘛的妻室/明妃

Cosmos of billion universes : 藏 stong gsum;梵 trisahasra:三千大千世界

Creativity of awareness : 藏 rig pa’i rtsal:本覺妙力/明力

Crown protuberance : 藏 gtsug tor;梵 uşníşa:頂髻

Ḍāka : 藏 mkha ’gro:空行;藏 dpa ’ bo:勇父

Ḍākinī : 藏 mkha ’gro ma;梵 ḍākinīs:空行母

Degenerate age : 藏 snyigs dus;梵 kāliyuga:末法時期/五濁惡世

Deity : 藏 lha;梵 deva:本尊/天尊

Demigod : 藏 lha ma yin;梵 asura:阿修羅

Demon : 藏 bdud;梵 māra:魔羅

Destroyer-of-Saṁsāra : 藏’khor ba ‘jig:滅累佛/ 拘留孫佛(梵語:Krakucchanda)

Determination to be free : 藏 nges ’byung;梵 niḥṣaraṇa:出離心

Dhāraṇi : 藏 gzungs:陀羅尼

Dharma : 藏 chos:法

Dharma of transmission : 藏 lung gi chos:教法

Dharma of realization : 藏 Wyl. rtogs pa'i chos:證法

Dharma protector: 藏 chos skyong;梵 dharmapāla:護法

Dharmakāya(梵);藏 chos sku:法身

Dharmatā(梵);藏 chos nyid:法性

Dharmodgata(梵);藏 chos ’phags:法聖菩薩

Directions:方/方位

Dissolution (process of ) : 藏 thim rim:收攝/消融/融入

Distinguishing, clear decision and self-liberation : 藏 shan ’byed, la bzla, rang grol:分辨、決定、自解脫(大圓滿立斷法門的三要點)

Dohā : 藏:道歌/金剛歌

Downfall : 藏 ltung ba:墮罪

Dualistic : 藏 gnyis ’dzin:二元、分別

Ecumenical (movement) : 藏 ris med:不分教派/利美(運動)

Effects of actions : 藏 las rgyu ’bras;梵 phala:業果

Ego-clinging:我執

Egolessness : 藏 bdag med;梵 anātman,nairātmya:無我

Eight auspicious signs : 藏 bkra shis rtags brgyad:八吉祥(徽)

Eight Great Charnel-grounds : 藏 dur khrod chen po brgyad:八大寒林/尸陀林

Eight Great Close Sons : 藏 nye ba’i sras chen brgyad:八大心子/八大菩薩

Eight offering goddesses : 藏 mchod pa’i lha mo brgyad:八供天女

Eight ordinary concerns : 藏 ’jig rten chos brgyad;梵 aṣṭalokadharmāḥ:世間八法

Eight perverse acts : 藏 log pa rgyad:八邪行

Eighty Siddhas:八十成就者

Emotions:參見 negative emotions:煩惱

Empowerment:藏 dbang bskur;梵 abhiṣeka:灌頂

Emptiness:藏 stong pa nyid;梵 śūnyatā:空性

Energy:藏 rlung;梵 prāṇa, vāyu:氣/風/息

Enjoying the Emanation of Others:藏 gzhan ’phrul dbang byed;梵 Paranirmitavaśavartin:他化自在天

Enlightenment:藏 byang chub;梵 bodhi:證悟/菩提

Enlightenment Tree:藏 byang chub kyi shing:菩提樹

Equality:藏 mnyam pa nyid;梵 samatā:平等性

Essence:藏 thig le;梵 bindu:明點/精華

Essential nature,natural expression and compassion:藏 ngo bo, rang bzhin, thugs rje:體性、自性、大悲

Eternalism:藏 rtag par lta ba;梵 ātmadŗṣṭi,satkāyadŗṣṭi:常見/恆常主義

Excellent Words:藏 gsung rab;梵 pravacana:妙語

Exhaustion of phenomena in the real nature:藏 chos nyid zad pa:法遍不可思議相

Expedient meaning:藏 drang don;梵 neyārtha:不了義(方便權宜的意義)

Experiences (meditative):藏 nyams:(禪修的)覺受/體驗

Extracting the essences:藏 bcud len:辟穀術

Feast offering:藏 tshogs kyi ’khor lo:薈供

Field of merit:藏 tshogs zhing:資糧田/福田

Five crimes which are almost as grave (as the five crimes with immediate retribution) : 藏 nye ba’i mtshams med lnga:近五無間罪

Five crimes with immediate retribution:藏 mtshams med lnga;梵:五無間罪

Five degenerations:藏 snyigs ma lnga:五濁/五衰敗

Five energies:見 energy:五風/氣/息

Five Families:藏 rigs lnga;梵:pañcakula:五佛部

Five hundred thousand preliminaries:藏 ’bum lnga:五十萬前行(毎一前行 11,111 次)

Five kāyas:藏 sku lnga;梵:pañcakāya:五(佛)身

Five paths:藏 lam lnga;梵:pañcamārga:五道

Five perfections:藏 phun sum tshogs pa lnga:五圓滿

Five poisons:藏 dug lnga:五毒

Five samayas of relishing:藏 dang du slang ba’i dam tshig lnga:五味三昧耶

Five sciences:藏 rig gnas lnga;梵:pañcavidyā:五明

Five wisdomss:藏 ye shes lnga:五智

Four activities:藏 phrin las bzhi:四種事業(息、增、懷、誅)

Four boundless qualities:藏 tshad med bzhi;梵:caturaprameya:四無量心(慈、悲、喜、捨)

Four concentrations:藏 bsam gtan bzhi;梵:caturdhyāna:四禪定

Four demons:藏 bdud bzhi:四魔

Four elements:藏 ’byung ba bzhi;梵:catur / pañca bhūta:四大

Four empowerments:藏 dbang bzhi:四灌頂

Four formless states:藏 gzugs med bzhi:四無色界

Four Great Kings:藏 rgyal chen rigs bzhi;梵:caturmahārājakāyika:四大天王

Four great streams of suffering:藏 sdug sngal gyi chu bo chen po bzhi:四大苦流

Four joys:藏 dga’ ba bzhi;梵:caturānanda:四喜

Four kāyas:四(佛)身

Four metaphors:藏’du shes bzhi:四喻

Four obscurations:藏 sgrib bzhi:四障(四種遮障:所知、煩惱、習氣、業)

Four or six tantra sections:藏 rgyud sde bzhi or drug:四部或六部密續

Four Visions:藏 snang ba bzhi:大圓滿四相(法性現前、證悟增長、明智如量、法遍不可思議相)

Four ways of attracting beings:藏 bsdu ba’i ngos po bzhi;梵:catuḥsaṁgrahavastu:四攝法(布施、愛語、利行、同事)

Fruit empowerment:藏’bras bu’i dbang:果灌頂

Full effect:藏 rnam smin gyi ’bras bu;梵:vipākaphala:異熟果

Gandharva(梵);藏 dri za : 乾達婆

Garuḍa(梵);藏 khyung : 大鵬金翅鳥

Generation phase:藏 bskyed rim;梵:utpattikrama : 生起次第

Generosity:藏 sbyin pa;梵:dāna : 布施

Geshe:藏 dge bshes:格西(佛學博士)

Ghost:藏 ’dre : 鬼

Glorious Copper-coloured Mountain:藏 zangs mdog dpal ri:吉祥銅色山(蓮師淨土)

Gods:藏 lha:天人

Gods and demons:藏 lha ’dre:神、鬼(神鬼八部)

Gods without perception:藏’du shes med pa’i lha:無想天人

Gods of Clear Light:光音天

Good Kalpa:藏 bskal pa bzang po;梵:bhadrakalpa:賢劫

Great Compassionate One:藏 thugs rje chen po:大悲聖者

Great Exuberant Lakes:藏 rol pa’i mtsho chen:大嬉湖

Great Outer Oceans:藏 phyi’i rgya mtsho chen po:大外海

Great Perfection:藏 dzogs pa chen po:大圓滿

Great Vehicle:藏 theg pa chen po;梵:mahāyāna:大乘

Ground-of-all:藏 kun gzhi;梵:ālaya:總基/普基(音「阿賴耶」)

Guru Rinpoche:藏 gu ru rin po che:蓮師

Guru yoga:藏 bla ma’i rnal ’byor:上師瑜珈/上師相應法

Gyelgong:藏 rgyal ’gong:魔王

Habitual tendencies:藏 bag chags;梵:vāsanā:習性

Hearing lineage of ordinary beings:藏 gang zag snyan brgyud:眾生之口耳相傳/補特伽羅之口耳相傳

Hell:藏 dmyal ba;梵:naraka:地獄道

He Who Proclaims the Dharma with Inexhaustible Melodious Voice:藏 sgra dbyangs mi zad pa sgrogs pa:妙音無盡說法者

Hundred Families:藏 rigs brgya:百佛部

Hundred Syllables:藏 yig brgya:百字明咒

Illustrative wisdom:藏 dpe’i ye shes:譬喻智(相對於真實智)

Impervious practitioner:藏 chos dred:法棍子/法油子

Indra:藏 brgya byin:帝釋天

Infinite Aspiration:藏 mos pa mtha yas:樓至佛(又名:無量勝解佛)

Innate (wisdom, joy, etc.) :藏 lhan skyes;梵:sahaja:俱生(智、喜等)

Inseparable Universe:藏 mi ’byed ’jig rten:無別世間

Intermediate state:藏 bar do;梵:antarābhava:中有/中陰

Intermediate state of absolute reality:藏 chos nyid bar do:法性中陰

Intermediate state of becoming:藏 srid pa’i bar do:投生中陰

Jambudvipa:藏’dzam bu gling:瞻部洲

Jowo:藏 jo bo:覺沃。字義為「尊者」

Jowo and Śākya:藏 jo shag rnam gnyis:覺沃與釋迦(大昭寺和小昭寺所奉之釋迦牟尼佛等身相)

Joyful Magic:藏’phrul dga’;梵:Nirmāņarata:化樂天

Joyous Realm:藏 dga’ ldan:具樂天

Jungpo:藏’byung po:炯波(一種厲鬼)

Kadampa:藏 bka’ gdams pa:噶當派

Kagyupa:藏 bka’ brgyud pa:噶舉派

Kalpa(梵);藏 bskal pa:劫

Kapāla(梵);藏 thod phor:顱器/嘎巴拉

Karma(梵);藏 las:業

Karmic energy:藏 las kyi rlung:業風

Karmic obscuration:藏 las kyi sgrib pa;梵:karmāvaraņa:業障

Kāśyapa(梵);藏’od srung:迦葉佛

Katyayana(梵):迦旃延(佛陀弟子,羅漢之一)

Kāya(梵);藏 sku:身

Khaţvāńga(梵):三叉戢/卡杖嘎

Kīla(梵):藏 phur ba:普巴/橛

King,Subject and Friend:藏 rje’bangs grogs gsum:王、臣、友(蓮師三類大弟子)

Kriyā (yoga) :藏 bya ba:事部瑜珈

Kşatriya(梵):藏 rgyal rigs:剎帝利(印度種姓階級之國王與戰士階級)

Kuśa(梵):藏 Ku sha:孤沙草/吉祥草

Lakhe(梵):藏 gla khe:香附子

Lama:藏 bla ma;梵:guru:喇嘛

Lay disciple:藏 dge bsnyen;梵:upāsaka:優婆塞/在家男眾

Level of union:藏 zung ’jug gi go ’phang:雙運果位

Level:果位

Liberation:藏 thar pa;梵:mokşa:解脫

Lord of Death:藏’chi bdag;梵:Yama:死神/閻摩

Lord of Secrets:藏 gsang ba’i bdag po:秘密主(金剛手菩薩的稱號)

Lotus Born:藏 padma ’byung nas;梵:Padmasambhava:蓮花生大士

Lover of the Stars:藏 skar ma la dga ’ba:喜星菩薩

Lower realms:藏 ngan song:惡趣/下三道(地獄道、餓鬼道、畜生道)

Mādhyamika(梵):藏 dbu ma’i lam:中觀/中道

Mahāyāna(梵):藏 theg pa chen po:大乘

Mahā(yoga) :瑪哈瑜珈(寧瑪九乘分教中,三內瑜珈的第一部分)

Mahākāśyapa(梵):藏’od srung chen po:大迦葉

Mahāmudrā(梵):藏 phyag rgya chen po:大印/大手印

Mahāsiddha(梵):藏 grub chen:大成就者

Maitreya(梵):藏 byams pa:彌勒佛(彌勒菩薩 Bodhisattva Maitreya)

Maitrīyogī(梵):藏 byams pa’i rnal ’byor pa:慈瑜伽士

Mamo:藏 ma mo;梵:mātrikā:媽嫫(一種世間空行母)

Maņḍala(梵):藏 dkyil ’khor:曼達拉/壇城/中圍

Mandhata(梵):藏 nga las nu:頂生王

Māndhātŗi(梵):藏 nga las nu:曼陀多(佛陀前世之一)

Maņi:瑪尼,簡稱觀世音的咒語「Oṁ maņi padme hūṁ」

Manifest Joy:藏 mngon par dga’ ba;梵:Abhirati:現喜(劫的名稱、不動佛淨土的名稱)

Mantra(梵):藏 sngags:咒語、真言

Mañjuśrī(梵):藏’jam dpal dbyangs:文殊師利菩薩

Māra(梵):藏 bdud:魔羅

Maudgalyāyana(梵):藏 mo’u’galgyibu:目犍連尊者

Means:藏 thabs:方便

Meditate,meditation:藏 sgom pa:禪修、禪定、觀修

Merit:藏 bsod nams:梵 puņya:福德

Middle Way:藏 dbu ma’i lam:梵 mādhyamika:中觀

Milarepa:密勒日巴尊者

Mind lineage of the Conquerors:藏 rgyal ba dgongs brgyud:勝者密意傳承

Muni:藏 thub pa:牟尼、能仁,佛陀的名號之一

Nāda:自然生起的法性之聲,藏文吽字頂上的小圈

Nāga(梵):藏 Klu:龍族

Nāgārjuna(梵):藏 klu sgrub:龍樹尊者

Nālandā:那爛陀,佛弟子舍利佛的出生地

Nanda(梵):藏 dga’ bo:難陀尊者

Natural state:藏 gnas lugs:梵 prakŗiti:本然狀態

Nectar:甘露

Negative action:藏 sdig pa or mi dge ba:梵 aśubha:惡行

Negative emotions:藏 nyon mongs pa:梵 kleśa:煩惱

New Tradition:藏 gsar ma pa:新傳

New Translations:新譯派

Nihilism:藏 chad par lta ba:梵 vibhava dŗşţi:斷見、唯物主義

Nine Expanses:藏 klong dgu:九界(大圓滿界部的九支法門)

Nirmāņakāya(梵):藏 sprul sku:化身佛

Nirvāņa(梵):藏 mya ngan las ’das pa:涅槃

Non-action:無行

Non-dwelling nirvāņa:藏 mi gnas pa’i myang ’das:無所住涅槃境

Non-thought (experience):藏 mi rtog pa’i nyams:梵 avikalpa,nirvikalpa:無念(覺受)

Novice:藏 dge tshul:梵 śrāmaņera:沙彌

Nyingmapa:寧瑪巴。參見「舊傳」

Obscuratins:藏 sgrib pa:梵 āvaraņa:蓋蔽、遮障

Obscuration of habitual tendencies:藏 bag chags kyi sgrib pa:梵 vāsanāvaraņa:

習氣障、串習障

Obscurations of negative emotions:藏 nyon mongs kyi sgrib pa:梵 kleśāvaraņa:

煩惱障

Omniscient Dharma-King:遍知法王,龍欽巴的尊稱

Once-Come-King:藏 sngon byung gi rgyal po:宿生王佛。第一劫的一佛名

Owner of the ground:藏 sa bdag:梵 bhūmipati:土地主、地基主

Padma:貝瑪。蓮花生大士的自稱

Padma Thötreng:藏 padma thod phreng rtsal:蓮華顱鬘力,蓮花生大士的名號之一

Padmasambhava of Oḍḍiyāna:藏 o rgyan padma ’byung gnas:烏底雅那的蓮花生大士,人們尊稱他為「第二佛」

Palace of Lotus Light:藏 padma ’od kyi pho brang:蓮花光宮殿

Palyul (monastery):藏 dpal yul:白玉寺,寧瑪派六大寺院之一

Paņḍita(梵):班智達,特別指印度的學者

Path of accumulating:藏 tshogs lam:梵 sambhāramārga:資糧道

Path of joining:藏 sbyor lam:梵 prayogamārga:加行道

Path of seeing:藏 mthong lam:梵 darśanamārga:見道

Perceptions:藏 snang ba:顯相、知覺、感知、表象等

Perfection phase:藏 rdzogs rim:梵 sampannakrama:圓滿次第

Phlegm:藏 bad kan:涎

Piţaka(梵):藏。參見「三藏」

Piţaka, (fourth):藏 sde snod bzhi pa:第四藏

Pith-instructions:藏 man ngag:梵 upadeśa:口訣教授

Positive action:藏 dge ba:梵 kuśala:善業

Prātimokşa(梵):藏 so sor thar pa:別解脫

Pratyekabuddha(梵):藏 rang sangs rgyas:辟支佛、緣覺、獨覺

Precious canopy:藏 rin po che’i gdugs:華蓋、寶傘

Precious Master of Oḍḍiyāna:藏 o rgyan rin po che:烏底雅那仁波切,蓮師的名號之一

Precious word empowerment:藏 tshig dbang rin po che:字詞灌、句義灌

Preliminaries:藏 sngon ’gro:前行、加行

Preparation, main part and conclusion:藏 sbyor dngos rjes gsum:前行、正行與結行

Preta(梵):藏 yi dvags:餓鬼道

Primal wisdom:藏 ye shes:梵 jñāna:本智

Primordial purity:藏 ka dag:本淨、本初清淨

Principle of cause and effect:藏 las rgyu ’bras:因果律則

Profound insight:藏 lhag mthong:梵 vipaśyanā:勝觀、內觀、觀

Prostration:藏 phyag ’tshal ba:大禮拜、頂禮

protectors:護法、守護者

Protectors of the Three Families:藏 rigs gsum mgon po:三族怙主

Pure land:藏 dag pa’i zhing:淨土

Pure Land of Bliss:藏 bde ba can:梵 Sukhāvatī:極樂淨土

Pure levels (three):藏 dag pa sa gsum:三淨地

Pure perception:藏 dag snang:淨觀、淨相

Rākṣasa(梵):藏 srin po:羅剎

Ratnasambhava(梵):藏 rin chen ’byung gnas:寶生佛

Real meaning:藏 nges don:梵 nītārtha:真實的意義、了義

Realm:參見「六道」

Refuge:1) 藏 skyabs yul:皈依境:2) 藏 skyabs ’gro:皈依之法

Relative truth:藏 kun rdzob bden pa:梵 saṁvŗiti satya:世俗諦

Ṛiṣi(梵):藏 drang srong:仙人

Root teacher:藏 rtsa ba’i bla ma:根本上師

Royal posture:藏 rgyal po’i rol stabs:國王姿

Rūpakāya(梵):藏 gzugs sku:色身佛

Sadāprarudita(梵):藏 rtag tu ngu:常啼菩薩

Śākyamuni(梵):藏 sha kya thub pa:釋迦牟尼佛

Sakyapa:藏 sa skya pa:薩迦巴

Samantabhadra(梵):藏 kun tu bzang po:普賢王如來、普賢菩薩

Samaya(梵):藏 dam tshig:三昧耶、誓戒

Samaya object or substance:藏 dam tshig gi rdzas:三昧耶物

Sambhogakāya(梵):藏 longs spyod rdzogs pa’i sku:報身佛

Saṁsāra(梵):藏’khor ba:輪迴

Saṁvarasara(梵):藏 bde mchog snying po:勝樂藏,文殊師利菩薩的名號之一

Samye:藏 bsam yas:桑耶寺

Samye Chimpu:藏 bsam yas mchims phu:桑耶.清普

Saṅgha(梵):藏 dge ’dun:僧伽,泛指所有佛法修行者

Śāntideva(梵):藏 zhi ba lha:寂天菩薩,《入菩薩行》的作者

Śāriputra(梵):藏 sha ri’i bu:舍利弗多、舍利子,意譯鶖鷺子

Sarvanivāraņavişkambhin(梵):藏 sgrib pa rnam sel:除蓋障菩薩

Śāstra(梵):藏 bstan bcos:釋論

Sattvavajra(梵):藏 sems dpa’rdo rje:薩埵金剛、勇識金剛

Second Buddha:藏 sangs rgyas gnyis pa:第二佛

Secret empowerment:藏 gsang dbang:秘密灌頂

Secret Mantrayāna:藏 gsang ngags kyi theg pa:密咒乘

Seven attributes of royalty:藏 rgyal srid sna bdun:梵 saptaratna:輪王七寶

Seven branches:藏 yan lag bdun:梵 saptāṅga:七支供養

Seven noble riches:藏’phags pa’i nor bdun:梵 saptadhanam:七聖財

Seven point maņḍala:藏 mandal so bdun ma:七供曼達(藏文為37供曼達)

Seven point posture of Vairocana:藏 rnam snang chos bdun:梵 saptadharmavairocana:毘盧遮那七支坐、大日如來七支坐

Shapkyu:藏 zhabs kyu:下鉤符號、下鉤母音

Shariputra;藏 shari'i bu;梵 Śāriputra:舍利弗或舍利子

Shastra;藏 mngonpa;梵 Abhidharma:論

Shravaka;藏 nyanthos;梵 Śrāvaka:聲聞

Shravakayana;藏 nyanthos kyi theg pa;梵 Śrāvakayāna:聲聞乘

Shri Singha;藏 dpal gyi seng ge;梵 Śrī Siṁha:吉祥獅子(音譯:師利星哈)

Shrona;藏 gro byin skyes;梵 Śroṇa〔Śroṇajāt〕:億耳(琴師之名)

Shubu Palgyi Senge:秀布·巴給·桑給(蓮花生大師的 25 弟子之一)

Siddha(梵);藏 grubthob:成就者

Siddhi(梵)or Accomplishment;藏 dngos grub:成就

Six classes of beings;藏'gro drug:六道眾生

Six consciousnesses;藏 rnamshes tshogs drug;梵 ṣaḍvijñānakāya:六識

Six Ornaments;藏 rgyandrug:六莊嚴(第一龍樹,第二聖天,第三無著,第四世親,第五陳那,

第六法稱)

Six realms of existence;藏'gro drug;梵 ṣaḍgati:六道存有

Six transcendent perfections;藏 pharol tu phyin pa drug;梵 ṣaḍpāramitā:六度(六波羅蜜,

六波羅蜜多)

Skillful means;藏 thabs;梵 upāya:善巧,方便

Skull cup;thod phor;Kapāla:顱器,噶巴拉

Small skull drum;藏 thod pa'i ḍa ma ru:手鼓

Smritijnana;梵 Smṛtijnāna,十至十一世紀:憶生

So, Zur and Nub;藏 so zur gnubs:蘇、素、努

Songtsen Gampo,617-698: 松贊·岡波

Source of good;藏 dge ba'i rtsa ba;梵 kuśalamūla:善根

Spiritual companions:法友,道友

Spiritual friends;藏 dge ba'i gshes gnyen;梵 Kalyāṇamitra:善知識,導師

Spiritual treasure;藏 gter ma:伏藏

Study;藏 thos pa:聞 (聞、思修、的第一個)

Stūpa(梵);藏 mchodrten:佛塔

Sublime being;藏 skyesbu dam pa:聖者,善士

Sublime Compassionate One;藏 spyanras gzigs〔Chenrezi〕;梵 Avalokiteśvara:大悲觀音菩薩

Sublime levels 或稱 Bodhisattva levels;藏'phagspa'i sa:菩薩地

Sugata(梵);藏 bdebar gshegs pa:善逝

Sunakshatra;藏 legspa'i skar ma;梵 Sunakṣatra:善星比丘

Supreme accomplishment;藏 mchoggidngosgrub:殊勝成就,不共的成就

Sustained calm;藏 zhignas;梵 śamatha:奢摩他,寂止

Sūtra(梵);藏 mdo:佛經

Suvarṇadvīpa(梵);藏 gser gling pa:金洲大師

Symbol lineage of the vidyadharas;藏 rig 'dzin brda yi brgyud:持明表徵傳承

Tainted〔action〕;藏 zag bcas;梵 sāsrava:有漏

Tangka;藏 thang ka:唐卡

Tangtong Gyalpo,1385-1509:唐東·嘉波

Tantra;藏 rgyud:(密)續

Tantric:續部的

Tārā;藏 sgrol ma:度母

Tathāgata(梵);藏 bdebzhin gshegs pa:如來

Ten directions;藏 phyogsbcu:十方

Tendencies:串習 or Habitual tendencies;藏 bagchags;梵 vāsanā:習性

Tenma;藏 rten ma bcu gnyis:地母

Theurang;藏 the'u rang:獨腳鬼

Thirty-five Buddhas;藏 sangs rgyas so lnga 或 bde gshegs so lnga:三十五佛

Thirty-three or Heaven of Thirty-three;藏 gsum cu rtsa gsum;梵 Trāyastrirṁśa:三十三天

Thought;藏 rnam rtog;梵 vikalpanā:尋思,分別念

Threatening mudrā;藏 sdigs mdzubs;梵 tarjanī mudrā:威嚇印,期剋印

Three Brothers;藏 skumched gsum:種·敦巴的三大弟子(博多瓦、切喀瓦、普穹瓦),稱為三兄弟

Three concepts;藏’khor gsum:三輪(指作者、受者、所作這三種概念)

Three Jewels;藏 dkonmchog gsum;梵 triratna:三寶(佛、法、僧)

Three kayas;藏 skugsum;‘梵 trikāya:三身(法身、報身、化身)

Three maṇḍalas;藏 dkyil 'khor gsum:三壇城

Three poisons;藏 duggsum:三毒

Three roots;藏 rtsagsum:三根本(上師、本尊、空行)

Three supreme methods;藏 dam pa gsum:三善法,三殊勝法

Three sweet foods;藏 mngargsum:三甜

Three times;藏 dusgsum;梵 trikāla:三時,三世

Three vows;藏 sdompa gsum;梵 trisaṁvara:三戒、三律儀

Three white foods;藏 dkargsum:三白

Three worlds:三界

Threefold training;藏 bslabpa gsum;梵 triśikṣā:三學處

Thusness;藏 de bzhin nyid;梵 tathatā:如是

Tilopa:帝洛巴

Tingdzin Zangpo〔Nyang〕,九世紀:定津·桑波

Tīrthika;藏 mu stegs pa:外道

Torma;藏 gtor ma:食子,朵瑪

Total enlightenment;藏 rdzogs pa'i byang chub;梵 sambodhi:正等正覺

Trakpa Gyaltsen,1147-1216:札巴·堅贊

Transcendent perfection;藏 pha rol tu phyin pa;梵 pāramitā:波羅蜜多

Transference;藏'pho ba:遷識,頗瓦法

Treasure discoverer;藏 gterston:伏藏師

Tripiṭaka;藏 sde snod gsum:三藏

Trisong Deutsen,790-844:赤松·德贊

Tsampa;藏 tsam pa:糌粑

Tsa-tsa:擦擦,小泥塔,小泥像

Tulku;藏 sprul sku:祖古,成就者的轉世

Tushita heaven;藏 dga' ldan:兜率天

Twelve categories of teaching in the Piṭakas;藏 sde snod bcu gnyis:十二分教

Twelve qualities of full training;藏 sbyangs pa'i yon tan bcu gnyis;梵 dvādśadhūtaguṇa:

十二頭陀行

Twelve vajra laughs;藏 rdo rje gad mo bcu gnyis:十二金剛笑

Twenty-five disciples;藏 rje 'bang nyer lnga:二十五弟子

Twenty-one Genyen;藏 dge bsnyen nyer gcig:二十一優婆塞

Two accumulations;藏 tshogs gnyis;梵 sambhāradvaya:二資糧

Two obscurations;藏 sgribgnyis:二障

Two supreme ones;藏 mchog gnyis: 二聖

Two truths;藏 bden pa gnyis:二諦

Twofold purity;藏 dagpa gnyis:二淨

Uddiyada;藏 o rgyan:烏底雅那,鄔金國

Unaltered;藏 ma bcos pa;梵 naisargika:不造作,無修整

Unexcelled;藏'og min;梵 Akaniṣṭha:無上天,奧明淨土,色究竟天

Universal Monarch;藏'khor lo sgyur ba'i rgyal po;梵 cakravartin:輪轉聖王

Untainted [action];藏 zag med;梵 anāsrava:無漏

Using the Magic of Others 或是 Enjoying the Emanations of Others;藏 gzhan 'phrul dbang byed;梵 Paranirmitavaśavartin:他化自在天

Vairochana(梵);藏 rnam par snang mdzad:大日如來,毘盧遮那佛

Vairotsana(梵);藏 bai ro tsa na:毘盧贊那

Vaishakha;藏 saga zla ba;梵 Vaiśākha:氐宿月

Vaishravana;藏 rnam thos sras;梵 Vaiśravaṇa:多聞天王

Vajra brothers and sisters;藏 rdo rje spun:金剛兄弟、姊妹

Vajra master;藏 rdo rje slob spon;梵 vajrācārya:金剛上師

Vajra posture;藏 rdo rje skyilkrung;梵 vajrāsana:金剛跏跌坐

Vajra recitation;藏 rdorje bzlas pa:金剛誦

Vajra seat;藏 rdorje gdan;梵 vajrāsana:金剛座

Vajra song;藏 rdorje mgur:金剛歌

Vajra yoginī(梵):藏 rdo rje rnal 'byor ma:金剛瑜伽母

Vajra(梵);藏 rdorje:金剛

Vajradhara(梵);藏 rdo rje 'chang:金剛總持

Vajradhatvishvari;藏 rdo rje dbyings kyi dbang phyug ma;梵 Vajradhātvīśvarī:金剛界自在

Vajrapāṇi(梵);藏 phyagna rdo rje:金剛手菩薩

Vajrasattva(梵);藏 rdo rje sems dpa':金剛薩埵

Vajrayāna(梵);藏 rdorje theg pa:金剛乘

Vase empowerment;藏 bum dbang:寶瓶灌頂

Vase of great treasure;藏 gterchen po'i bum pa:寶藏瓶

Vehicle;藏 theg pa;梵 yāna:乘

Vidyādhara;藏 rig 'dzin:持明

View;藏 lta ba;梵 dṛiṣṭi:見地

Vikramashila;梵 Vikramaśīla:超戒寺

Vimalamitra(梵);藏 drimed bshes gnyen:無垢友

Vīṇā:維那琴

Vinaya(梵);藏'dulba:律藏

Vipashyin;藏 rnam par gzoigs;梵 Vipaśyin:毗婆尸佛

Virūpa:毘魯巴尊者

Walking posture;藏 mnyampa'i 'dor stabs:行姿

Warmth〔sign of〕;藏 drod rtags:煖

Water torma;藏 chu gtor:水食子

Wealth diety;藏 norlha:財神

Wheel of Dharma;藏 choskyi 'khor lo;梵 dharmacakra:法輪

Wheel;藏'khor lo;梵 cakra:輪

Wind:風息,氣

Wisdom empowerment;藏 shes rab kyi dbang:智慧灌頂

Wisdom;藏 shes rab;梵 praja:智慧

Wish-fulfilling jewel;藏 yidbzhin nor bu;梵 cintāmaṇi:如意寶,滿願寶

Wish-fulfilling tree;藏 dpagbsam gyi shing:如意樹

Without Fighting or Heaven With out Fighting;藏'thabbral;梵 Yāma:夜摩天

Worldly concentrations:世間定

Wrathful Black True Mother;藏 ma cig khros ma nag mo;梵 Krodhakālī:黑忿怒真實母

Wrong view;藏 loglta;梵 mithyādṛiṣṭi:邪見

Yaksha;藏 gnodsbyin;梵 Yakṣa:夜叉

Yama(梵);藏 gshinrje:閻魔,死主

Yama(梵)or Lord of Death;藏'chi bdag;梵 Yama:死神

Yamantaka;藏 gshin rje bshed;梵 Yamāntaka:文殊閻魔敵

Yellow scroll;藏 shogser:黃紙卷

Yeshe Tsogyal:耶喜·措嘉佛母

Yidam or Deity;藏 lha;梵 deva:本尊

Yoga;藏 rnal 'byor:瑜伽,相應,合一

Yogī 或 yoginī;藏 rnal 'byor pa 或 rnal 'byor ma:瑜伽士或瑜伽女

~以上若有指正敬請來信sstc.roc@gmail.com,感恩!