Five major sciences 五（大）明 / 五明

The five major sciences (Tib. rigné chenpo nga; Wyl. rig gnas chen po lnga) are part of the ten sciences or traditional fields of knowledge in which a learned person is supposed to be well versed. They are:

1. 工巧明 craftsmanship (Skt. śilpa; Wyl. bzo rig pa)
2. 因明 logic (hetu; gtan tshigs)
3. 聲明 grammar (śabda; sgra)
4. 醫方明 medicine (cikitsā; gso ba)
5. 內明 'Inner science' or Dharma (nang don rig pa)