頁面 "Pandita 班智達 / 五明學者" 與 "Geshe 格西" 間的差異

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小 （SSTC Serena 已移動頁面 Pandita 至 Pandita 班智達 / 五明學者）
 
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'''Pandita''' (Skt. ''paṇḍita''; Tib. [[མཁས་པ་]], [[པཎྜི་ཏ་]], ''khepa''; [[Wyl.]] ''mkhas pa'') — a title used for scholars who are learned in the [[five sciences]]. It is used especially for the master scholars of ancient India. An exceptionally great scholar is given the title of mahapandita.  
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'''Geshe''' ([[Wyl.]] ''dge bshes'') is the Tibetan equivalent of the Sanskrit ''kalyāṇamitra'', which literally means 'virtuous friend', yet in common usage, it is a title awarded to scholars in the [[Gelugpa]] school of [[Tibetan Buddhism]] once they graduate from their studies. Different grades of geshe degree exist, the highest being [[Geshe Lharampa]].
  
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==How a pandita teaches==
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==Further Reading==
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For the teaching style of a '''learned [[pandita]]''', there are two approaches. The panditas of the glorious monastic university of [[Nalanda]] would teach the Buddha’s words in terms of the [[five perfections]] and the treatises by means of [[Five Principal Considerations | five principal considerations]]. The panditas of the monastic university at [[Vikramashila]] would begin by making their audience suitably receptive and then describe [[Twofold certainty|two certainties]] regarding the origin of the teaching. <ref>*[[Patrul Rinpoche]], ''Preliminary Points To be Explained when Teaching the Buddha's Word or the Treatises'', translated by Adam Pearcey.</ref>
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*Georges Dreyfus, ''The Sound of Two Hands Clapping: The Education of a Tibetan Buddhist Monk'', University of California Press, 2003
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*Tarab Tulku. ''A Brief History of Tibetan Academic Degrees in Buddhist Philosophy''. Copenhagen, Denmark: Nordic Institute of Asian Studies, 2000.
  
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==Teachings Given to the [[About Rigpa|Rigpa]] Sangha==
 
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*[[Orgyen Tobgyal Rinpoche]], [[Lerab Ling]], 25 August 2011
 
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==References==
 
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<small><references/></small>
 
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[[Category:Key Terms]]
 
 
[[Category:Titles]]
 
[[Category:Titles]]

於 2020年11月7日 (六) 16:05 的最新修訂

Geshe (Wyl. dge bshes) is the Tibetan equivalent of the Sanskrit kalyāṇamitra, which literally means 'virtuous friend', yet in common usage, it is a title awarded to scholars in the Gelugpa school of Tibetan Buddhism once they graduate from their studies. Different grades of geshe degree exist, the highest being Geshe Lharampa.

Further Reading

  • Georges Dreyfus, The Sound of Two Hands Clapping: The Education of a Tibetan Buddhist Monk, University of California Press, 2003
  • Tarab Tulku. A Brief History of Tibetan Academic Degrees in Buddhist Philosophy. Copenhagen, Denmark: Nordic Institute of Asian Studies, 2000.
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