中英名相對照:藏密詞彙錄音

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於 2022年7月13日 (三) 21:37 由 SSTC Serena對話 | 貢獻 所做的修訂
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補充:

三分 / 三種現象:現前分、不現前分(隱蔽分)、最極隱蔽分 manifest phenomena (mngon gyur, what is evident), hidden phenomena (lkog gyur, what is hidden), and extremely hidden phenomena (shin tu lkog gyur, what is extremely hidden)

84,000 teachings / 八萬四千法門(藏cho kyi phung po gyad khri bzhi stong): 經、律、阿毗達磨(論)及其總和,各有二萬一千教法,其目的是為了滅除在內心潛藏的八萬四千種不同煩惱。

造業四相(四緣):事(對象) object、意樂 intention (the agent)、加行 application (the manner)、究竟  completion of an action (Wyl. bya rdzogs kyi)
 

噶當巴修心精要「四依法」
  The Four Entrustment: the quintessence of the Kadampa's heart
 

心依於法,法依於貧,貧依於死,死依於溝壑。

Entrust the innermost of the mind with Dharma;
  Entrust the innermost of Dharma with destitution;
  Entrust the innermost of destitution with death;
  Entrust the innermost of death with the dry ravines.
 

四依處 gtad sa bzhi
  1. བློ་ཕུགས་ཆོས་ལ་གཏད། Set your mind upon the Dharma (blo phugs chos la gtad)
  2. ཆོས་ཕུགས་སྤྲང་ལ་གཏད། Entrust your Dharma to a life of poverty (chos phugs sprang la gtad)
  3. སྤྲང་ཕུགས་ཤི་ལ་གཏད། Consign your life of poverty to eventual death (sprang phugs shi la gtad)
  4. ཤི་ཕུགས་གྲོག་པོ་སྐམ་པོ་ལ་གཏད་ Let that death be in an empty, barren hollow (shi phugs grog po skam po la gtad)
 


藏密詞彙錄音

以下依照《普賢上師言教》英譯版 Words of My Perfect Teacher 詞彙解釋 Glossary 依序錄音,人名和地名等名稱原則上不錄音,因而此處也不收錄。感謝藏文譯者 Laren 提供錄音,普賢法譯小組 Freda, Natalie & Rebecca 編輯文字和檔名、Serena 參考中譯版修潤說明,若有錯誤敬請指正,祈願更多佛法修行者投入翻譯利生事業,廣度自他一切有情!

Abbot;藏 mkhan po:堪布/住持/授戒師
Abhidharma(梵);藏 mngon pa:論藏(音譯「阿毘達磨」)
Absolute space;藏 chos dbyings;梵 dharmadhātu:法界
Absolute truth;藏 don dam bden pa;梵 paramārtha satya:勝義諦
accomplishment;藏 bsnyen sgrub:指的是「近修四支」(approach and accomplishment)的修/修成
Ācārya(梵);藏 slob dpon:阿闍黎
Ācārya Padma(梵);藏 slob dpon padma:蓮花阿闍黎
Accomplishment;藏 dngos grub;梵 siddhi:成就(音譯:悉地)
Adhicitta(梵);藏 sems lhag can:增上心(音譯:阿底崎達,極喜金剛的前世)
Akaniṣṭha(梵);藏'og min:奧明淨土/色究竟天(於不同脈絡有不同用法)
Akṣobhya(梵);藏 mi bskyod pa:不動佛/阿閦佛
All victorious banner;藏 phyogs las rnam par rgyal ba'i rgyalmtshan:尊勝幡
All Victorious Palace;藏 rnam rgyal pho brang:尊勝宮
Ambrosia;藏 bdud rtsi;梵 amṛita:甘露
Amitābha(梵);藏'od dpag med:阿彌陀佛/無量光佛
Amitāyus(梵);藏 tshe dpag med:無量壽佛
Amoghasiddhi(梵);藏 don yod grub pa:不空成就佛
Ānanda(梵);藏 kun dga' bo:阿難尊者
Ānandagarbha(梵);藏 bde mchog snying po:妙喜藏(極喜金剛的前世)
Ancient Tradition;藏 rnying ma pa:舊傳/寧瑪派
Ancient Translations;藏 snga'gyur:舊譯派
Aṅgulimāla(梵);藏 sor mo threng ba:央掘摩羅/指鬘外道
Anuyoga:阿努瑜伽
Aperture of Brahmā;藏 tshang pa'i bu ga;梵 brahmarandra:梵穴
Appearances;藏 snang ba:顯相
Approach and accomplishment;藏 bsnyen sgrub:近修/依修/念修四支,分別為:念誦、近誦、修成、大修成
Arhat(梵);藏 dgra bcom pa:阿羅漢
Āryadeva(梵);藏'phags pa lha:聖提婆/聖天尊者
Asaṅga(梵);藏 thogs med:無著尊者
Atīśa:阿底峽尊者
Atiyoga:無上瑜伽
Avalokiteśvara(梵);藏 spyan ras gzigs〔Chenrezi〕: 觀世音菩薩
Awareness;藏 rig pa;梵 vidyā:本覺/覺性


Becoming;藏 srid pa:投生

Beginning:本始

Bell;藏 dril bu;梵 ghaṇṭā:鈴

Bhagavān(梵);藏 bcom ldan 'das:薄伽梵

Bhṛikuṭī(梵);藏 jo mo khro gnyer can:忿蹙度母

Bile;藏 mkhris pa:膽(音譯「赤巴」)

Bindu(梵);藏 thigle:明點

Bliss〔experience〕;藏 bde nyams:樂(一種禪修覺受)

Bliss and emptiness;藏 bde stong:樂空

Blissful (pure land) ;藏 bde ba can;梵 Sukhāvatī:極樂淨土

Bodhicitta(梵);藏 byang chub kyi sems:菩提心

Bodhisattva(梵);藏 byang chub sems dpa’:菩薩/菩提薩埵

Bodhisattva Abbot:菩薩堪布(藏人所稱的寂護大師)

Bodhisattva levels;藏'phags pa'i sa:菩薩果位/地

Bodhnath (stupa);藏 bya rung kha shor:博達那佛塔/滿願大白塔

Body, speech, mind, qualities and activity;藏 sku, gsung, thugs, yon tan, phrin las:身、語、意、功德、事業

Bӧnpo(藏);梵 bon po:苯教徒

Border country;藏 mtha' 'khob:邊地(相對於有佛法的「中土」)

Brahmā(梵);藏 tshangs pa:梵天

Brahmā world;藏 tshang pa'i 'jig rten;梵 brahmaloka:梵天界

Brahmin(梵);藏 bram ze:婆羅門

Buddha;藏 sangs rgyas:佛/佛陀

Buddha Nature;藏 de gshegs snying po;梵 tathāgatagarbha:佛性/如來藏

Burnt offering;藏 gsur:煙供

Calling the teacher from afar;藏 bla ma rgyang 'bod:遙呼上師(祈請文之一)

Cāmaradvīpa(梵);藏 rnga yab gling:遮末羅洲

Central channel;藏 rtsa dbu ma;梵 avadhūti:中脈

Channel;藏 rtsa;梵 nāḍi:脈

Channels and energies〔exercise of〕;藏 rtsa rlung gi 'phrul 'khor:脈、氣修持(脈、氣的音譯:雜嚨)

Chenrezi:藏 spyan ras gzigs :四臂觀音菩薩(藏文拼音)

Chӧ(梵);藏 gcod : 斷法(俗稱:施身法)

Circumambulation(梵);藏 skor ba : 繞行

Clarity (experience):藏 gsal nyams : 明(一種禪修覺受)

Clarity, increase and attainment:藏 snang mched thob : 顯、增、得

Clear light : 藏 ’od gsal;梵 prabhāsvara : 光明

Clear light of the moment of the ground : 藏 gzhi dus kyi ’od gsal : 基光明

Clear Light (gods of) : 藏 ’od gsal gyi lha;梵 Ābhāsvara:光音天/極光淨天

Clinging : 藏 ’dzin pa : 攀執

Common accomplishments : 藏 thun mong gi dngos grub : 共的成就

Concentration: 藏 bsam gtan;梵 dhyāna:禪定/靜慮

Concept or Conceptual reference: 藏 dmigs pa:概念/所緣

Conceptual obscurations : 藏 shes bya’i srib pa;梵 jӣeyāvaraņa:所知障

Conditioned : 藏 ’dus byas;梵 saḿskŗita:有為法

Conditioning effect : 藏 dbang gi ‘bras bu:增上果

Conqueror : 藏 rgyal ba;梵 jina:勝者(佛的稱號之一)

Consort : 藏 yum:女性本尊/佛母;藏 gsang yum:偉大喇嘛的妻室/明妃

Cosmos of billion universes : 藏 stong gsum;梵 trisahasra:三千大千世界

Creativity of awareness : 藏 rig pa’i rtsal:本覺妙力/明力

Crown protuberance : 藏 gtsug tor;梵 uşníşa:頂髻

Ḍāka : 藏 mkha ’gro:空行;藏 dpa ’ bo:勇父

Ḍākinī : 藏 mkha ’gro ma;梵 ḍākinīs:空行母

Degenerate age : 藏 snyigs dus;梵 kāliyuga:末法時期/五濁惡世

Deity : 藏 lha;梵 deva:本尊/天尊

Demigod : 藏 lha ma yin;梵 asura:阿修羅

Demon : 藏 bdud;梵 māra:魔羅

Destroyer-of-Saṁsāra : 藏’khor ba ‘jig:滅累佛/ 拘留孫佛(梵語:Krakucchanda)

Determination to be free : 藏 nges ’byung;梵 niḥṣaraṇa:出離心

Dhāraṇi : 藏 gzungs:陀羅尼

Dharma : 藏 chos:法

Dharma of transmission : 藏 lung gi chos:教法

Dharma of realization : 藏 Wyl. rtogs pa'i chos:證法

Dharma protector: 藏 chos skyong;梵 dharmapāla:護法

Dharmakāya(梵);藏 chos sku:法身

Dharmatā(梵);藏 chos nyid:法性

Dharmodgata(梵);藏 chos ’phags:法聖菩薩

Directions:方/方位

Dissolution (process of ) : 藏 thim rim:收攝/消融/融入

Distinguishing, clear decision and self-liberation : 藏 shan ’byed, la bzla, rang grol:分辨、決定、自解脫(大圓滿立斷法門的三要點)

Dohā : 藏:道歌/金剛歌

Downfall : 藏 ltung ba:墮罪

Dualistic : 藏 gnyis ’dzin:二元、分別

Ecumenical (movement) : 藏 ris med:不分教派/利美(運動)

Effects of actions : 藏 las rgyu ’bras;梵 phala:業果

Ego-clinging:我執

Egolessness : 藏 bdag med;梵 anātman,nairātmya:無我

Eight auspicious signs : 藏 bkra shis rtags brgyad:八吉祥(徽)

Eight Great Charnel-grounds : 藏 dur khrod chen po brgyad:八大寒林/尸陀林

Eight Great Close Sons : 藏 nye ba’i sras chen brgyad:八大心子/八大菩薩

Eight offering goddesses : 藏 mchod pa’i lha mo brgyad:八供天女

Eight ordinary concerns : 藏 ’jig rten chos brgyad;梵 aṣṭalokadharmāḥ:世間八法

Eight perverse acts : 藏 log pa rgyad:八邪行

Eighty Siddhas:八十成就者

Emotions:參見 negative emotions:煩惱

Empowerment:藏 dbang bskur;梵 abhiṣeka:灌頂

Emptiness:藏 stong pa nyid;梵 śūnyatā:空性

Energy:藏 rlung;梵 prāṇa, vāyu:氣/風/息

Enjoying the Emanation of Others:藏 gzhan ’phrul dbang byed;梵 Paranirmitavaśavartin:他化自在天

Enlightenment:藏 byang chub;梵 bodhi:證悟/菩提

Enlightenment Tree:藏 byang chub kyi shing:菩提樹

Equality:藏 mnyam pa nyid;梵 samatā:平等性

Essence:藏 thig le;梵 bindu:明點/精華

Essential nature,natural expression and compassion:藏 ngo bo, rang bzhin, thugs rje:體性、自性、大悲

Eternalism:藏 rtag par lta ba;梵 ātmadŗṣṭi,satkāyadŗṣṭi:常見/恆常主義

Excellent Words:藏 gsung rab;梵 pravacana:妙語

Exhaustion of phenomena in the real nature:藏 chos nyid zad pa:法遍不可思議相

Expedient meaning:藏 drang don;梵 neyārtha:不了義(方便權宜的意義)

Experiences (meditative):藏 nyams:(禪修的)覺受/體驗

Extracting the essences:藏 bcud len:辟穀術

Feast offering:藏 tshogs kyi ’khor lo:薈供

Field of merit:藏 tshogs zhing:資糧田/福田

Five crimes which are almost as grave (as the five crimes with immediate retribution) : 藏 nye ba’i mtshams med lnga:近五無間罪

Five crimes with immediate retribution:藏 mtshams med lnga;梵:五無間罪

Five degenerations:藏 snyigs ma lnga:五濁/五衰敗

Five energies:見 energy:五風/氣/息

Five Families:藏 rigs lnga;梵:pañcakula:五佛部

Five hundred thousand preliminaries:藏 ’bum lnga:五十萬前行(毎一前行 11,111 次)

Five kāyas:藏 sku lnga;梵:pañcakāya:五(佛)身

Five paths:藏 lam lnga;梵:pañcamārga:五道

Five perfections:藏 phun sum tshogs pa lnga:五圓滿

Five poisons:藏 dug lnga:五毒

Five samayas of relishing:藏 dang du slang ba’i dam tshig lnga:五味三昧耶

Five sciences:藏 rig gnas lnga;梵:pañcavidyā:五明

Five wisdomss:藏 ye shes lnga:五智

Four activities:藏 phrin las bzhi:四種事業(息、增、懷、誅)

Four boundless qualities:藏 tshad med bzhi;梵:caturaprameya:四無量心(慈、悲、喜、捨)

Four concentrations:藏 bsam gtan bzhi;梵:caturdhyāna:四禪定

Four demons:藏 bdud bzhi:四魔

Four elements:藏 ’byung ba bzhi;梵:catur / pañca bhūta:四大

Four empowerments:藏 dbang bzhi:四灌頂

Four formless states:藏 gzugs med bzhi:四無色界

Four Great Kings:藏 rgyal chen rigs bzhi;梵:caturmahārājakāyika:四大天王

Four great streams of suffering:藏 sdug sngal gyi chu bo chen po bzhi:四大苦流

Four joys:藏 dga’ ba bzhi;梵:caturānanda:四喜

Four kāyas:四(佛)身

Four metaphors:藏’du shes bzhi:四喻

Four obscurations:藏 sgrib bzhi:四障(四種遮障:所知、煩惱、習氣、業)

Four or six tantra sections:藏 rgyud sde bzhi or drug:四部或六部密續

Four Visions:藏 snang ba bzhi:大圓滿四相(法性現前、證悟增長、明智如量、法遍不可思議相)

Four ways of attracting beings:藏 bsdu ba’i ngos po bzhi;梵:catuḥsaṁgrahavastu:四攝法(布施、愛語、利行、同事)

Fruit empowerment:藏’bras bu’i dbang:果灌頂

Full effect:藏 rnam smin gyi ’bras bu;梵:vipākaphala:異熟果

Gandharva(梵);藏 dri za : 乾達婆

Garuḍa(梵);藏 khyung : 大鵬金翅鳥

Generation phase:藏 bskyed rim;梵:utpattikrama : 生起次第

Generosity:藏 sbyin pa;梵:dāna : 布施

Geshe:藏 dge bshes:格西(佛學博士)

Ghost:藏 ’dre : 鬼

Glorious Copper-coloured Mountain:藏 zangs mdog dpal ri:吉祥銅色山(蓮師淨土)

Gods:藏 lha:天人

Gods and demons:藏 lha ’dre:神、鬼(神鬼八部)

Gods without perception:藏’du shes med pa’i lha:無想天人

Gods of Clear Light:光音天

Good Kalpa:藏 bskal pa bzang po;梵:bhadrakalpa:賢劫

Great Compassionate One:藏 thugs rje chen po:大悲聖者

Great Exuberant Lakes:藏 rol pa’i mtsho chen:大嬉湖

Great Outer Oceans:藏 phyi’i rgya mtsho chen po:大外海

Great Perfection:藏 dzogs pa chen po:大圓滿

Great Vehicle:藏 theg pa chen po;梵:mahāyāna:大乘

Ground-of-all:藏 kun gzhi;梵:ālaya:總基/普基(音「阿賴耶」)

Guru Rinpoche:藏 gu ru rin po che:蓮師

Guru yoga:藏 bla ma’i rnal ’byor:上師瑜珈/上師相應法

Gyelgong:藏 rgyal ’gong:魔王

Habitual tendencies:藏 bag chags;梵:vāsanā:習性

Hearing lineage of ordinary beings:藏 gang zag snyan brgyud:眾生之口耳相傳/補特伽羅之口耳相傳

Hell:藏 dmyal ba;梵:naraka:地獄道

He Who Proclaims the Dharma with Inexhaustible Melodious Voice:藏 sgra dbyangs mi zad pa sgrogs pa:妙音無盡說法者

Hundred Families:藏 rigs brgya:百佛部

Hundred Syllables:藏 yig brgya:百字明咒

Illustrative wisdom:藏 dpe’i ye shes:譬喻智(相對於真實智)

Impervious practitioner:藏 chos dred:法棍子/法油子

Indra:藏 brgya byin:帝釋天

Infinite Aspiration:藏 mos pa mtha yas:樓至佛(又名:無量勝解佛)

Innate (wisdom, joy, etc.) :藏 lhan skyes;梵:sahaja:俱生(智、喜等)

Inseparable Universe:藏 mi ’byed ’jig rten:無別世間

Intermediate state:藏 bar do;梵:antarābhava:中有/中陰

Intermediate state of absolute reality:藏 chos nyid bar do:法性中陰

Intermediate state of becoming:藏 srid pa’i bar do:投生中陰

Jambudvipa:藏’dzam bu gling:瞻部洲

Jowo:藏 jo bo:覺沃。字義為「尊者」

Jowo and Śākya:藏 jo shag rnam gnyis:覺沃與釋迦(大昭寺和小昭寺所奉之釋迦牟尼佛等身相)

Joyful Magic:藏’phrul dga’;梵:Nirmāņarata:化樂天

Joyous Realm:藏 dga’ ldan:具樂天

Jungpo:藏’byung po:炯波(一種厲鬼)

Kadampa:藏 bka’ gdams pa:噶當派

Kagyupa:藏 bka’ brgyud pa:噶舉派

Kalpa(梵);藏 bskal pa:劫

Kapāla(梵);藏 thod phor:顱器/嘎巴拉

Karma(梵);藏 las:業

Karmic energy:藏 las kyi rlung:業風

Karmic obscuration:藏 las kyi sgrib pa;梵:karmāvaraņa:業障

Kāśyapa(梵);藏’od srung:迦葉佛

Katyayana(梵):迦旃延(佛陀弟子,羅漢之一)

Kāya(梵);藏 sku:身

Khaţvāńga(梵):三叉戢/卡杖嘎

Kīla(梵):藏 phur ba:普巴/橛

King,Subject and Friend:藏 rje’bangs grogs gsum:王、臣、友(蓮師三類大弟子)

Kriyā (yoga) :藏 bya ba:事部瑜珈

Kşatriya(梵):藏 rgyal rigs:剎帝利(印度種姓階級之國王與戰士階級)

Kuśa(梵):藏 Ku sha:孤沙草/吉祥草

Lakhe(梵):藏 gla khe:香附子

Lama:藏 bla ma;梵:guru:喇嘛

Lay disciple:藏 dge bsnyen;梵:upāsaka:優婆塞/在家男眾

Level of union:藏 zung ’jug gi go ’phang:雙運果位

Level:果位

Liberation:藏 thar pa;梵:mokşa:解脫

Lord of Death:藏’chi bdag;梵:Yama:死神/閻摩

Lord of Secrets:藏 gsang ba’i bdag po:秘密主(金剛手菩薩的稱號)

Lotus Born:藏 padma ’byung nas;梵:Padmasambhava:蓮花生大士

Lover of the Stars:藏 skar ma la dga ’ba:喜星菩薩

Lower realms:藏 ngan song:惡趣/下三道(地獄道、餓鬼道、畜生道)

Mādhyamika(梵):藏 dbu ma’i lam:中觀/中道

Mahāyāna(梵):藏 theg pa chen po:大乘

Mahā(yoga) :瑪哈瑜珈(寧瑪九乘分教中,三內瑜珈的第一部分)

Mahākāśyapa(梵):藏’od srung chen po:大迦葉

Mahāmudrā(梵):藏 phyag rgya chen po:大印/大手印

Mahāsiddha(梵):藏 grub chen:大成就者

Maitreya(梵):藏 byams pa:彌勒佛(彌勒菩薩 Bodhisattva Maitreya)

Maitrīyogī(梵):藏 byams pa’i rnal ’byor pa:慈瑜伽士

Mamo:藏 ma mo;梵:mātrikā:媽嫫(一種世間空行母)

Maņḍala(梵):藏 dkyil ’khor:曼達拉/壇城/中圍

Mandhata(梵):藏 nga las nu:頂生王

Māndhātŗi(梵):藏 nga las nu:曼陀多(佛陀前世之一)

Maņi:瑪尼,簡稱觀世音的咒語「Oṁ maņi padme hūṁ」

Manifest Joy:藏 mngon par dga’ ba;梵:Abhirati:現喜(劫的名稱、不動佛淨土的名稱)

Mantra(梵):藏 sngags:咒語、真言

Mañjuśrī(梵):藏’jam dpal dbyangs:文殊師利菩薩

Māra(梵):藏 bdud:魔羅

Maudgalyāyana(梵):藏 mo’u’galgyibu:目犍連尊者

Means:藏 thabs:方便

Meditate,meditation:藏 sgom pa:禪修、禪定、觀修

Merit:藏 bsod nams:梵 puņya:福德

Middle Way:藏 dbu ma’i lam:梵 mādhyamika:中觀

Milarepa:密勒日巴尊者

Mind lineage of the Conquerors:藏 rgyal ba dgongs brgyud:勝者密意傳承

Muni:藏 thub pa:牟尼、能仁,佛陀的名號之一

Nāda:自然生起的法性之聲,藏文吽字頂上的小圈

Nāga(梵):藏 Klu:龍族

Nāgārjuna(梵):藏 klu sgrub:龍樹尊者

Nālandā:那爛陀,佛弟子舍利佛的出生地

Nanda(梵):藏 dga’ bo:難陀尊者

Natural state:藏 gnas lugs:梵 prakŗiti:本然狀態

Nectar:甘露

Negative action:藏 sdig pa or mi dge ba:梵 aśubha:惡行

Negative emotions:藏 nyon mongs pa:梵 kleśa:煩惱

New Tradition:藏 gsar ma pa:新傳

New Translations:新譯派

Nihilism:藏 chad par lta ba:梵 vibhava dŗşţi:斷見、唯物主義

Nine Expanses:藏 klong dgu:九界(大圓滿界部的九支法門)

Nirmāņakāya(梵):藏 sprul sku:化身佛

Nirvāņa(梵):藏 mya ngan las ’das pa:涅槃

Non-action:無行

Non-dwelling nirvāņa:藏 mi gnas pa’i myang ’das:無所住涅槃境

Non-thought (experience):藏 mi rtog pa’i nyams:梵 avikalpa,nirvikalpa:無念(覺受)

Novice:藏 dge tshul:梵 śrāmaņera:沙彌

Nyingmapa:寧瑪巴。參見「舊傳」

Obscuratins:藏 sgrib pa:梵 āvaraņa:蓋蔽、遮障

Obscuration of habitual tendencies:藏 bag chags kyi sgrib pa:梵 vāsanāvaraņa:

習氣障、串習障

Obscurations of negative emotions:藏 nyon mongs kyi sgrib pa:梵 kleśāvaraņa:

煩惱障

Omniscient Dharma-King:遍知法王,龍欽巴的尊稱

Once-Come-King:藏 sngon byung gi rgyal po:宿生王佛。第一劫的一佛名

Owner of the ground:藏 sa bdag:梵 bhūmipati:土地主、地基主

Padma:貝瑪。蓮花生大士的自稱

Padma Thötreng:藏 padma thod phreng rtsal:蓮華顱鬘力,蓮花生大士的名號之一

Padmasambhava of Oḍḍiyāna:藏 o rgyan padma ’byung gnas:烏底雅那的蓮花生大士,人們尊稱他為「第二佛」

Palace of Lotus Light:藏 padma ’od kyi pho brang:蓮花光宮殿

Palyul (monastery):藏 dpal yul:白玉寺,寧瑪派六大寺院之一

Paņḍita(梵):班智達,特別指印度的學者

Path of accumulating:藏 tshogs lam:梵 sambhāramārga:資糧道

Path of joining:藏 sbyor lam:梵 prayogamārga:加行道

Path of seeing:藏 mthong lam:梵 darśanamārga:見道

Perceptions:藏 snang ba:顯相、知覺、感知、表象等

Perfection phase:藏 rdzogs rim:梵 sampannakrama:圓滿次第

Phlegm:藏 bad kan:涎

Piţaka(梵):藏。參見「三藏」

Piţaka, (fourth):藏 sde snod bzhi pa:第四藏

Pith-instructions:藏 man ngag:梵 upadeśa:口訣教授

Positive action:藏 dge ba:梵 kuśala:善業

Prātimokşa(梵):藏 so sor thar pa:別解脫

Pratyekabuddha(梵):藏 rang sangs rgyas:辟支佛、緣覺、獨覺

Precious canopy:藏 rin po che’i gdugs:華蓋、寶傘

Precious Master of Oḍḍiyāna:藏 o rgyan rin po che:烏底雅那仁波切,蓮師的名號之一

Precious word empowerment:藏 tshig dbang rin po che:字詞灌、句義灌

Preliminaries:藏 sngon ’gro:前行、加行

Preparation, main part and conclusion:藏 sbyor dngos rjes gsum:前行、正行與結行

Preta(梵):藏 yi dvags:餓鬼道

Primal wisdom:藏 ye shes:梵 jñāna:本智

Primordial purity:藏 ka dag:本淨、本初清淨

Principle of cause and effect:藏 las rgyu ’bras:因果律則

Profound insight:藏 lhag mthong:梵 vipaśyanā:勝觀、內觀、觀

Prostration:藏 phyag ’tshal ba:大禮拜、頂禮

protectors:護法、守護者

Protectors of the Three Families:藏 rigs gsum mgon po:三族怙主

Pure land:藏 dag pa’i zhing:淨土

Pure Land of Bliss:藏 bde ba can:梵 Sukhāvatī:極樂淨土

Pure levels (three):藏 dag pa sa gsum:三淨地

Pure perception:藏 dag snang:淨觀、淨相

Rākṣasa(梵):藏 srin po:羅剎

Ratnasambhava(梵):藏 rin chen ’byung gnas:寶生佛

Real meaning:藏 nges don:梵 nītārtha:真實的意義、了義

Realm:參見「六道」

Refuge:1) 藏 skyabs yul:皈依境:2) 藏 skyabs ’gro:皈依之法

Relative truth:藏 kun rdzob bden pa:梵 saṁvŗiti satya:世俗諦

Ṛiṣi(梵):藏 drang srong:仙人

Root teacher:藏 rtsa ba’i bla ma:根本上師

Royal posture:藏 rgyal po’i rol stabs:國王姿

Rūpakāya(梵):藏 gzugs sku:色身佛

Sadāprarudita(梵):藏 rtag tu ngu:常啼菩薩

Śākyamuni(梵):藏 sha kya thub pa:釋迦牟尼佛

Sakyapa:藏 sa skya pa:薩迦巴

Samantabhadra(梵):藏 kun tu bzang po:普賢王如來、普賢菩薩

Samaya(梵):藏 dam tshig:三昧耶、誓戒

Samaya object or substance:藏 dam tshig gi rdzas:三昧耶物

Sambhogakāya(梵):藏 longs spyod rdzogs pa’i sku:報身佛

Saṁsāra(梵):藏’khor ba:輪迴

Saṁvarasara(梵):藏 bde mchog snying po:勝樂藏,文殊師利菩薩的名號之一

Samye:藏 bsam yas:桑耶寺

Samye Chimpu:藏 bsam yas mchims phu:桑耶.清普

Saṅgha(梵):藏 dge ’dun:僧伽,泛指所有佛法修行者

Śāntideva(梵):藏 zhi ba lha:寂天菩薩,《入菩薩行》的作者

Śāriputra(梵):藏 sha ri’i bu:舍利弗多、舍利子,意譯鶖鷺子

Sarvanivāraņavişkambhin(梵):藏 sgrib pa rnam sel:除蓋障菩薩

Śāstra(梵):藏 bstan bcos:釋論

Sattvavajra(梵):藏 sems dpa’rdo rje:薩埵金剛、勇識金剛

Second Buddha:藏 sangs rgyas gnyis pa:第二佛

Secret empowerment:藏 gsang dbang:秘密灌頂

Secret Mantrayāna:藏 gsang ngags kyi theg pa:密咒乘

Seven attributes of royalty:藏 rgyal srid sna bdun:梵 saptaratna:輪王七寶

Seven branches:藏 yan lag bdun:梵 saptāṅga:七支供養

Seven noble riches:藏’phags pa’i nor bdun:梵 saptadhanam:七聖財

Seven point maņḍala:藏 mandal so bdun ma:七供曼達(藏文為37供曼達)

Seven point posture of Vairocana:藏 rnam snang chos bdun:梵 saptadharmavairocana:毘盧遮那七支坐、大日如來七支坐

Shapkyu:藏 zhabs kyu:下鉤符號、下鉤母音

Shariputra;藏 shari'i bu;梵 Śāriputra:舍利弗或舍利子

Shastra;藏 mngonpa;梵 Abhidharma:論

Shravaka;藏 nyanthos;梵 Śrāvaka:聲聞

Shravakayana;藏 nyanthos kyi theg pa;梵 Śrāvakayāna:聲聞乘

Shri Singha;藏 dpal gyi seng ge;梵 Śrī Siṁha:吉祥獅子(音譯:師利星哈)

Shrona;藏 gro byin skyes;梵 Śroṇa〔Śroṇajāt〕:億耳(琴師之名)

Shubu Palgyi Senge:秀布·巴給·桑給(蓮花生大師的 25 弟子之一)

Siddha(梵);藏 grubthob:成就者

Siddhi(梵)or Accomplishment;藏 dngos grub:成就

Six classes of beings;藏'gro drug:六道眾生

Six consciousnesses;藏 rnamshes tshogs drug;梵 ṣaḍvijñānakāya:六識

Six Ornaments;藏 rgyandrug:六莊嚴(第一龍樹,第二聖天,第三無著,第四世親,第五陳那,

第六法稱)

Six realms of existence;藏'gro drug;梵 ṣaḍgati:六道存有

Six transcendent perfections;藏 pharol tu phyin pa drug;梵 ṣaḍpāramitā:六度(六波羅蜜,

六波羅蜜多)

Skillful means;藏 thabs;梵 upāya:善巧,方便

Skull cup;thod phor;Kapāla:顱器,噶巴拉

Small skull drum;藏 thod pa'i ḍa ma ru:手鼓

Smritijnana;梵 Smṛtijnāna,十至十一世紀:憶生

So, Zur and Nub;藏 so zur gnubs:蘇、素、努

Songtsen Gampo,617-698: 松贊·岡波

Source of good;藏 dge ba'i rtsa ba;梵 kuśalamūla:善根

Spiritual companions:法友,道友

Spiritual friends;藏 dge ba'i gshes gnyen;梵 Kalyāṇamitra:善知識,導師

Spiritual treasure;藏 gter ma:伏藏

Study;藏 thos pa:聞 (聞、思修、的第一個)

Stūpa(梵);藏 mchodrten:佛塔

Sublime being;藏 skyesbu dam pa:聖者,善士

Sublime Compassionate One;藏 spyanras gzigs〔Chenrezi〕;梵 Avalokiteśvara:大悲觀音菩薩

Sublime levels 或稱 Bodhisattva levels;藏'phagspa'i sa:菩薩地

Sugata(梵);藏 bdebar gshegs pa:善逝

Sunakshatra;藏 legspa'i skar ma;梵 Sunakṣatra:善星比丘

Supreme accomplishment;藏 mchoggidngosgrub:殊勝成就,不共的成就

Sustained calm;藏 zhignas;梵 śamatha:奢摩他,寂止

Sūtra(梵);藏 mdo:佛經

Suvarṇadvīpa(梵);藏 gser gling pa:金洲大師

Symbol lineage of the vidyadharas;藏 rig 'dzin brda yi brgyud:持明表徵傳承

Tainted〔action〕;藏 zag bcas;梵 sāsrava:有漏

Tangka;藏 thang ka:唐卡

Tangtong Gyalpo,1385-1509:唐東·嘉波

Tantra;藏 rgyud:(密)續

Tantric:續部的

Tārā;藏 sgrol ma:度母

Tathāgata(梵);藏 bdebzhin gshegs pa:如來

Ten directions;藏 phyogsbcu:十方

Tendencies:串習 or Habitual tendencies;藏 bagchags;梵 vāsanā:習性

Tenma;藏 rten ma bcu gnyis:地母

Theurang;藏 the'u rang:獨腳鬼

Thirty-five Buddhas;藏 sangs rgyas so lnga 或 bde gshegs so lnga:三十五佛

Thirty-three or Heaven of Thirty-three;藏 gsum cu rtsa gsum;梵 Trāyastrirṁśa:三十三天

Thought;藏 rnam rtog;梵 vikalpanā:尋思,分別念

Threatening mudrā;藏 sdigs mdzubs;梵 tarjanī mudrā:威嚇印,期剋印

Three Brothers;藏 skumched gsum:種·敦巴的三大弟子(博多瓦、切喀瓦、普穹瓦),稱為三兄弟

Three concepts;藏’khor gsum:三輪(指作者、受者、所作這三種概念)

Three Jewels;藏 dkonmchog gsum;梵 triratna:三寶(佛、法、僧)

Three kayas;藏 skugsum;‘梵 trikāya:三身(法身、報身、化身)

Three maṇḍalas;藏 dkyil 'khor gsum:三壇城

Three poisons;藏 duggsum:三毒

Three roots;藏 rtsagsum:三根本(上師、本尊、空行)

Three supreme methods;藏 dam pa gsum:三善法,三殊勝法

Three sweet foods;藏 mngargsum:三甜

Three times;藏 dusgsum;梵 trikāla:三時,三世

Three vows;藏 sdompa gsum;梵 trisaṁvara:三戒、三律儀

Three white foods;藏 dkargsum:三白

Three worlds:三界

Threefold training;藏 bslabpa gsum;梵 triśikṣā:三學處

Thusness;藏 de bzhin nyid;梵 tathatā:如是

Tilopa:帝洛巴

Tingdzin Zangpo〔Nyang〕,九世紀:定津·桑波

Tīrthika;藏 mu stegs pa:外道

Torma;藏 gtor ma:食子,朵瑪

Total enlightenment;藏 rdzogs pa'i byang chub;梵 sambodhi:正等正覺

Trakpa Gyaltsen,1147-1216:札巴·堅贊

Transcendent perfection;藏 pha rol tu phyin pa;梵 pāramitā:波羅蜜多

Transference;藏'pho ba:遷識,頗瓦法

Treasure discoverer;藏 gterston:伏藏師

Tripiṭaka;藏 sde snod gsum:三藏

Trisong Deutsen,790-844:赤松·德贊

Tsampa;藏 tsam pa:糌粑

Tsa-tsa:擦擦,小泥塔,小泥像

Tulku;藏 sprul sku:祖古,成就者的轉世

Tushita heaven;藏 dga' ldan:兜率天

Twelve categories of teaching in the Piṭakas;藏 sde snod bcu gnyis:十二分教

Twelve qualities of full training;藏 sbyangs pa'i yon tan bcu gnyis;梵 dvādśadhūtaguṇa:

十二頭陀行

Twelve vajra laughs;藏 rdo rje gad mo bcu gnyis:十二金剛笑

Twenty-five disciples;藏 rje 'bang nyer lnga:二十五弟子

Twenty-one Genyen;藏 dge bsnyen nyer gcig:二十一優婆塞

Two accumulations;藏 tshogs gnyis;梵 sambhāradvaya:二資糧

Two obscurations;藏 sgribgnyis:二障

Two supreme ones;藏 mchog gnyis: 二聖

Two truths;藏 bden pa gnyis:二諦

Twofold purity;藏 dagpa gnyis:二淨

Uddiyada;藏 o rgyan:烏底雅那,鄔金國

Unaltered;藏 ma bcos pa;梵 naisargika:不造作,無修整

Unexcelled;藏'og min;梵 Akaniṣṭha:無上天,奧明淨土,色究竟天

Universal Monarch;藏'khor lo sgyur ba'i rgyal po;梵 cakravartin:輪轉聖王

Untainted [action];藏 zag med;梵 anāsrava:無漏

Using the Magic of Others 或是 Enjoying the Emanations of Others;藏 gzhan 'phrul dbang byed;梵 Paranirmitavaśavartin:他化自在天

Vairochana(梵);藏 rnam par snang mdzad:大日如來,毘盧遮那佛

Vairotsana(梵);藏 bai ro tsa na:毘盧贊那

Vaishakha;藏 saga zla ba;梵 Vaiśākha:氐宿月

Vaishravana;藏 rnam thos sras;梵 Vaiśravaṇa:多聞天王

Vajra brothers and sisters;藏 rdo rje spun:金剛兄弟、姊妹

Vajra master;藏 rdo rje slob spon;梵 vajrācārya:金剛上師

Vajra posture;藏 rdo rje skyilkrung;梵 vajrāsana:金剛跏跌坐

Vajra recitation;藏 rdorje bzlas pa:金剛誦

Vajra seat;藏 rdorje gdan;梵 vajrāsana:金剛座

Vajra song;藏 rdorje mgur:金剛歌

Vajra yoginī(梵):藏 rdo rje rnal 'byor ma:金剛瑜伽母

Vajra(梵);藏 rdorje:金剛

Vajradhara(梵);藏 rdo rje 'chang:金剛總持

Vajradhatvishvari;藏 rdo rje dbyings kyi dbang phyug ma;梵 Vajradhātvīśvarī:金剛界自在

Vajrapāṇi(梵);藏 phyagna rdo rje:金剛手菩薩

Vajrasattva(梵);藏 rdo rje sems dpa':金剛薩埵

Vajrayāna(梵);藏 rdorje theg pa:金剛乘

Vase empowerment;藏 bum dbang:寶瓶灌頂

Vase of great treasure;藏 gterchen po'i bum pa:寶藏瓶

Vehicle;藏 theg pa;梵 yāna:乘

Vidyādhara;藏 rig 'dzin:持明

View;藏 lta ba;梵 dṛiṣṭi:見地

Vikramashila;梵 Vikramaśīla:超戒寺

Vimalamitra(梵);藏 drimed bshes gnyen:無垢友

Vīṇā:維那琴

Vinaya(梵);藏'dulba:律藏

Vipashyin;藏 rnam par gzoigs;梵 Vipaśyin:毗婆尸佛

Virūpa:毘魯巴尊者

Walking posture;藏 mnyampa'i 'dor stabs:行姿

Warmth〔sign of〕;藏 drod rtags:煖

Water torma;藏 chu gtor:水食子

Wealth diety;藏 norlha:財神

Wheel of Dharma;藏 choskyi 'khor lo;梵 dharmacakra:法輪

Wheel;藏'khor lo;梵 cakra:輪

Wind:風息,氣

Wisdom empowerment;藏 shes rab kyi dbang:智慧灌頂

Wisdom;藏 shes rab;梵 praja:智慧

Wish-fulfilling jewel;藏 yidbzhin nor bu;梵 cintāmaṇi:如意寶,滿願寶

Wish-fulfilling tree;藏 dpagbsam gyi shing:如意樹

Without Fighting or Heaven With out Fighting;藏'thabbral;梵 Yāma:夜摩天

Worldly concentrations:世間定

Wrathful Black True Mother;藏 ma cig khros ma nag mo;梵 Krodhakālī:黑忿怒真實母

Wrong view;藏 loglta;梵 mithyādṛiṣṭi:邪見

Yaksha;藏 gnodsbyin;梵 Yakṣa:夜叉

Yama(梵);藏 gshinrje:閻魔,死主

Yama(梵)or Lord of Death;藏'chi bdag;梵 Yama:死神

Yamantaka;藏 gshin rje bshed;梵 Yamāntaka:文殊閻魔敵

Yellow scroll;藏 shogser:黃紙卷

Yeshe Tsogyal:耶喜·措嘉佛母

Yidam or Deity;藏 lha;梵 deva:本尊

Yoga;藏 rnal 'byor:瑜伽,相應,合一

Yogī 或 yoginī;藏 rnal 'byor pa 或 rnal 'byor ma:瑜伽士或瑜伽女

~以上若有指正敬請來信sstc.roc@gmail.com,感恩!