Pagdru Kagyü 帕竹噶舉 / 帕摩竹巴

Pagdru Kagyü or Phagmo Drupa (Wyl. phag mo gru pa) — one of the four major schools of the Dakpo Kagyü founded by Phagmodrupa Dorje Gyalpo (1110-1170) in the twelfth century. The school later splintered into eight sub-schools, founded by Phagmodrupa's eight main disciples. Today, only three of these sub-schools are alive or remain as separate schools: the Drikung Kagyü, Drukpa Kagyü and Taklung Kagyü schools. The Pagdru Kagyü school ruled over Tibet during the fourteenth century and part of the fifteenth century.

Subdivisions

• Drikung Kagyü, founded by Drikung Kyobpa Jikten Sumgön (1143-1217); it included the Lhapa sect, builders of the earliest dzongs in Bhutan, later eclipsed by the Drukpa.
• Drukpa Kagyü, founded by Lingje Repa Pema Dorje (1128-1188)
• Taklung Kagyü, founded by Taklung Thangpa Tashi Pal (1142-1210)
• Martsang Kagyü, founded by Marpa Drubthob Sherab Sengé‎, aka Chöjé Marpa (1135-1203)
• Shugseb Kagyü, founded by Kyer Gompa Chökyi Sengé (1144-1204)
• Trophu Kagyü, founded by Drogön Gyalsa (1118-1195) and his brother Kunden Repa (1148-1217)
• Yamzang Kagyü, founded by Kelden Yeshé Sangyé (d.1207)
• Yelpa Kagyü, founded by Yelphukpa aka Yelpa Yeshé Tsek (1134-1194)
  

1. 直貢噶舉(Drikhung Kagyu)：直貢覺巴吉登松吉昆波(Drikhung Kyopa Jigten Sumgyi Gönpo 1143-1217)創始。直貢久貢切桑仁波切(Drikhung Kyapgön Chetsang Rinpoche 1946)，住在印度德拉東(Dehradun)是現在直貢噶舉的領導人。 　 2. 竹巴噶舉 (Drukpa Kagyu)：帕莫竹巴(Phakmo Trupa)的弟子大成就者林惹巴貝瑪多傑(Drupchen Lingrepa Pema Dorje 1128-1188)和他的弟子確戒倉巴加惹耶謝多傑(Chöje Tsangpa Gyare Yeshe Dorje 1161-1211)共同創始。他們在中藏創建本派最早的寺院南竹寺(Namdruk)，十六世紀袞嘉貝瑪卡波(Kunkhyen Pema Karpo 1527-1592)在南藏創建祖桑阿確林寺(Druk Sang-ngak Chöling)是本派的主寺，駐錫在印度大吉嶺的怙主竹千仁波切(Kyapgön Drukchen Rinpoche)是本傳承的領導人。竹巴噶舉大師夏從恩王南吉(Shaptrung Ngakwang Namgyal)將此法系引入不丹，在不丹廣傳，並成為不丹的國教。

不丹國師尊者堪布(H.H. Je Khenpo)和國王吉美森給(Jigme Senge)目前是不丹竹巴噶舉的領導人。 　 3. 達隆噶舉(Taklung Kagyu)：達隆塘巴札西佩(Taklung Thangpa Tashi Pal 1142-1210)創始。達隆夏祖仁波切(Taklung Shapdrung Rinpoche)，達隆瑪突仁波切(Taklung Matul Rinpoche)和察楚仁波切(Tsatrul Rinpoche)共同為本派領導人。 　 4. 雅桑噶舉(Yasang Kagyu)：剎惹哇卡丹耶謝森給(Zarawa Kalden Yeshe Senge)和他的弟子雅桑確吉蒙蘭(Yasang Chökyi Mönlam 1169-1233)共同創始，雅桑卻傑1206年創建了雅桑寺，本派名稱源於此。 　 5. 綽普噶舉(Trophu Kagyu)：帕莫竹巴的姪兒也是弟子嘉察仁波切(Gyaltsab Rinpoche)和 綽普大譯師欽波巴(Trophu Lotsawa Chenpo Pal 1173-1225)共同創始。綽普洛沙瓦在中藏倉(Tsang)區創建 綽普寺及學院，本派因此寺名稱綽普噶舉。 　 6. 修賽噶舉(Shuksep Kagyu)：傑貢竹清森給(Gyergom Tsultrim Senge 1144-1204)創始。他於1181年在中藏曲學區(Chushur)的年普(Nyephu)創建了修賽寺(Shuksep)，本派因此寺而名為修賽噶舉。 　 7. 也巴噶舉(Yelpa Kagyu)：也巴卓托耶謝孜巴(Yelpa Drupthop Yeshe Tsekpa)創始。並在也浦(Yelphuk)創建主寺也浦寺。 　 8. 瑪倉噶舉(Martsang Kagyu)：瑪倉些饒森給(Martsang Sherab Senge)創始。 參見：https://www.kagyuoffice.org.tw/kaguy-lineage/overview/kagyu-tribe

Further Reading

• E. Gene Smith, 'Golden Rosaries of the Bka' brgyud Schools' in Among Tibetan Texts, (Boston: Wisdom Publications, 2001)
• Ringu Tulku, The Ri-me Philosophy of Jamgön Kongtrul the Great (Boston & London: Shambhala Publications, 2007), pages 140-143.