檢視 Mandala 的原始碼

'''Mandala''' (Skt. ''maṇḍala''; Tib. [[དཀྱིལ་འཁོར་]], ''kyilkhor''; [[Wyl.]] ''dkyil ‘khor'') — mandala can be translated literally as ‘centre and circumference‘. A mandala is generally depicted as a circle which revolves around a centre. On the simplest level, a mandala can be understood to be us, the student or practitioner, and the phenomenal world around us. The word ‘mandala’ also describes an integrated structure that is organized around a central unifying principle.

It also means:
# the sacred environment and dwelling place of a [[buddha]], [[bodhisattva]] or [[deity]], together with the deities, which is visualized by the practitioner in tantric practice.
# the two dimensional representation of this environment on cloth or paper, or made of heaps of coloured sand, or three dimensional traditionally made of wood.
# an offering of the entire universe visualized as a [[pure land]] with all the inhabitants as pure beings.

See also [[mandala offering]].

==Animation==
The following animation shows how a two dimensional mandala actually represents the environment, the palace, the seats and the deities. This example is based on the [[Rigdzin Düpa]] [[sadhana]].

<swf width="640" height="480">http://www.rigpawiki.org/Media/Video/mandala.swf</swf>

== Further Reading ==
*Brauen, Martin, ''The Mandala, Sacred Circle in Tibetan Buddhism'' (Boston: Shambhala, 1997). First Published as ''Das Mandala: Der Heilige Kreis im tantrischen Buddhismus'' (Köln: DuMont, 1992)
*[[Chögyam Trungpa]], ''Orderly Chaos: The Mandala Principle'' (Boston: Shambhala, 1991/ republished in The Collected Works of Chögyam Trungpa, Volume Six, 2003)
*[[Chögyam Trungpa]], ''Journey Without Goal'' (Boston: Shambhala, The Collected Works of Chögyam Trungpa, Volume Four, 2003), Chapter Three: Mandala.

==External Links==
*3D pictures and animations of the [[Kalachakra]] mandala at the [http://www.jonangfoundation.org/kalachakra-mandala| Jonang Foundation].
*[http://www.himalayanart.org/pages/mandalaresources/index.html Mandala Resource Page at Himalayan Art]
*[http://www.himalayanart.org/search/set.cfm?setID=2093 'Mandalas: An Introduction, Painting & Sculpture' by Jeff Watt]

[[Category:Key Terms]]
[[Category:Eleven Topics of Tantra]]
[[Category:Vajrayana]]