檢視 Four mudras 四印的原始碼

<noinclude>'''Four mudras''' (Skt. ''catumudrā''; [[Wyl.]] ''phyag rgya bzhi'') — in the [[yoga tantra]] and [[inner tantras]], there are four types of [[mudra]] which 'seal' the enlightened body, speech, mind and activity of the deity. The four mudras are:

</noinclude>#the great mudra (Skt. ''mahāmudrā''; Wyl. ''phyag rgya chen po'') (see [[mahamudra]])
#the dharma mudra (Skt. ''dharmamudrā''; Wyl. ''chos kyi phyag rgya'')
#the samaya mudra (Skt. ''samayamudrā''; Wyl. ''dam tshig gi phyag rgya'')
#the activity mudra (Skt. ''karmamudrā''; Wyl. ''las kyi phyag rgya'')

Or alternatively:
#the dharma mudra (Skt. ''dharmamudrā''; Wyl. ''chos kyi phyag rgya'')
#the great mudra (Skt. ''mahāmudrā''; Wyl. ''phyag rgya chen po'')
#the [[primordial wisdom]] mudra (Skt. ''jñanamudrā''; Wyl. ''ye shes phyag rgya'') 
#the activity mudra (Skt. ''karmamudrā''; Wyl. ''las kyi phyag rgya'')<noinclude>

==Alternative Meaning==
Depending on the context, the four mudras or gestures (''phyag rgya bzhi'') are to unite with the four syllables ''dza'', ''hum'', ''bam'', and ''ho'', which stand for the four actions of summoning (''’gug''), binding (''bching''), fettering (''sdom''), and pleasing (''mnyes'') or intoxicating (''myos'').<ref>Clarification by [[Tulku Thondup Rinpoche]] in Note 29 in ''The Treasury of Knowledge : Book Eight, Part Four: Esoteric Instructions : a detailed presentation of the process of meditation in [[Vajrayana]]''; by Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Taye. Translated and annotated by Sarah Harding. Kalu Rinpoché Translation Group under the direction of [[Bokar Rinpoche]]. Published by Snow Lion Publications.</ref>

==Alternative Translations==
*Four seals - Elio Guarisco and Ingrid McLeod of the Kalu Rinpoché Translation Group

==References==
<small><references/></small>

==Further Reading==
*[[Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Tayé]], ''The [[Treasury of Knowledge]]: Book Six, Part Four: Systems of Buddhist Tantra''; translated by Elio Guarisco and Ingrid McLeod. Kalu Rinpoché Translation Group under the direction of Bokar Rinpoché. Published by Snow Lion Publications. ISBN 1-55939-210-X

*For an explanation of the four mudras with respect to each of the [[three yanas|three vehicles]] – [[hinayana]], the [[mahayana]], and [[tantrayana]],  see pages 216-218 of ''The [[Gelug]]/[[Kagyu]] Tradition of [[Mahamudra]]'' by the [[Dalai Lama]], Alexander Berzin. Published by Snow Lion Publications. ISBN 1-55939-072-7

[[Category:Vajrayana]]
[[Category:Enumerations]]
[[Category:04-Four]]</noinclude>