檢視 Nine yanas 九乘次第的原始碼

'''Nine Yanas''' (Tib. ཐེག་པ་དགུ་, [[Wyl.]] ''theg pa dgu'') or '''nine successive vehicles''' (Tib. ཐེག་པ་རིམ་པ་དགུ་, Wyl. ''theg pa rim pa dgu'') — within the [[Nyingma]] tradition, the full spectrum of spiritual paths is divided into nine [[yana]]s, a system of practice bringing together all the approaches of the Buddha’s teaching into a single comprehensive [[path]] to [[enlightenment]]. 


{|align="center" border="1" cellpadding="15" cellspacing="1":
| colspan="9" align="center"|'''The Nine Yanas'''
|-
|colspan="3" align="center"|[[sutrayana]]
|colspan="6" align="center"|[[tantrayana]]
|-
|colspan="3" align="center"|the [[three outer yanas leading from the origin]],<br/>i.e. the three yanas related to the '''outer''' vehicle of leading from the origin [of suffering] and the [[three pitakas]] of characteristics
|colspan="3" align="center"|the [[three yanas of vedic asceticism]],<br/>i.e. the three yanas related to the '''inner''' vehicle of Vedic asceticism and the [[three outer classes of tantra]]
|colspan="3" align="center"|the [[three yanas of powerful transformative methods]],<br/>i.e. the three yanas related to the '''secret''' vehicle of powerful transformative methods and the [[three inner tantras|three inner classes of tantra]]
|-
|colspan="2" align="center"|[[basic vehicle]]
|colspan="1" align="center"|[[mahayana]]
|colspan="6" align="center"|[[vajrayana]]<ref>The vajrayana is not a separate vehicle from mahayana, but actually belongs within mahayana as a distinctive vehicle of [[skilful means]].</ref>
|-
|colspan="3" align="center"|path of renunciation
|colspan="2" align="center"|path of purification
|colspan="3" align="center"|path of transformation
|colspan="1" align="center"|path of self-liberation<ref>Wyl. ''rang grol lam.</ref>
|-
|align="center"|1. <br/>the [[shravaka yana]] <br/> [[ཉན་ཐོས་ཀྱི་ཐེག་པ་]]
|align="center"|2. <br/>the [[pratyekabuddha yana]] <br/> [[རང་རྒྱལ་གྱི་ཐེག་པ་]]
|align="center"|3. <br/>the [[bodhisattva yana]] <br/> [[བྱང་ཆུབ་སེམས་དཔའི་ཐེག་པ་]]
|align="center"|4. <br/>the yana of [[kriya tantra]]  <br/> [[བྱ་རྒྱུད་ཀྱི་ཐེག་པ་]]
|align="center"|5. <br/>the yana of [[charya tantra]] <br/> [[སྤྱོད་རྒྱུད་ཀྱི་ཐེག་པ་]]
|align="center"|6. <br/>the yana of [[yoga tantra]] <br/> [[རྣལ་འབྱོར་རྒྱུད་ཀྱི་ཐེག་པ་]]
|align="center"|7. <br/>the yana of [[mahayoga]] <br/> [[རྣལ་འབྱོར་ཆེན་པོའི་ཐེག་པ་]]
|align="center"|8. <br/>the yana of [[anuyoga]] <br/> [[རྗེས་སུ་རྣལ་འབྱོར་གྱི་ཐེག་པ་]]
|align="center"|9. <br/>the yana of [[atiyoga]] <br/> [[ཤིན་ཏུ་རྣལ་འབྱོར་གྱི་ཐེག་པ་]]
|-
|}


==Origin==
The nine yanas are referred to in the ''[[Kulayaraja Tantra]]'' (''Kunje Gyalpo'') and in the ''[[Düpa Do|General Sutra of the Gathering of All Intentions]]'' (''Düpa Do''), which is the central scripture of [[Anuyoga]].

==Subdivision According to the [[three kayas|Three Kayas]]<ref>Based on [[Jokyab Rinpoche]], in [[Padmasambhava]] & [[Jamgön Kongtrul]], ''The Light of Wisdom, Vol. 1'' (Hong Kong: Rangjung Yeshe, 1999), page 247-8.</ref>==
*[[Dharmakaya]] teachings refer to the teachings of Atiyoga 
*[[Sambhogakaya]] teachings refer to the teachings of the three outer yanas, as well as Mahayoga and Anuyoga
*[[Nirmanakaya]] teachings refer to the teachings of the three causal vehicles

==Notes & References==
<small><references/></small>

==Teachings Given to the [[About Rigpa|Rigpa]] Sangha==
*[[Namkhai Norbu Rinpoche]], [[Lerab Ling]], 17 September 2011

==Further Reading==
*[[Chögyam Trungpa]], ''The Lion's Roar: An Introduction to Tantra'', The Collected Works of Chögyam Trungpa, Volume Four (Boston & London: Shambhala, 2003). 
*[[Dzogchen Ponlop]], ''Wild Awakening'' (Boston & London: Shambhala, 2003), 'Part 3: The Dzogchen Journey'.
*Ron Garry, ''Wisdom Nectar: Dudjom Rinpoche's Heart Advice'' (Ithaca: Snow Lion, 2005), 'Appendix 1: An Explanation of the Nine Vehicles'.
*S.G. Karmay, ''Origin and Early Development of the Tibetan Religious Traditions of the Great Perfection''
*[[Jamgön Kongtrul]], ''The Treasury of Knowledge, Book Six, Part Four: Systems of Buddhist Tantra'', translated by Elio Guarisco and Ingrid McLeod (Ithaca: Snow Lion, 2005), pages 306-347.
*[[Sogyal Rinpoche]], 
**''The Nine Yanas'', from ''Dzogchen & Padmasambhava'', republished in 2004. [http://www.zamstore.com/index.php?main_page=product_info&products_id=13266 Available here]
**''[[Dzogchen & Padmasambhava]]'', Rigpa Fellowship, 1989, pages 53-71.
*[[Thinley Norbu]], ''The Small Golden Key'' (Shambhala Publications, 1999), ‘5. The Differences Between the Buddha's Hinayana, Mahayana and Vajrayana Teachings'.
*[[Tulku Thondup]],
**''Masters of Meditation and Miracles'', edited by Harold Talbott (Boston: Shambhala, 1999), pages 16-20.
**''The Dzogchen Innermost Essence Preliminary Practice'', LTWA, 1982, 'Part Three, The Nine Yanas'.

==External Link==
*{{LH|tibetan-masters/alak-zenkar/nine-yanas|''A Brief Presentation of the Nine Yanas''}} by [[Alak Zenkar Rinpoche]]

[[Category:Key Terms]]
[[Category:Nyingma]]
[[Category:Yanas]]
[[Category:Nine Yanas]]
[[Category:Enumerations]]
[[Category:09-Nine]]