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Madhyamika

2017-02-20T17:38:47Z

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#重新導向 [[Madhyamika 中觀派]]

Madhyamika 中觀派

2017-02-20T17:38:46Z

SSTC qazwsxed5526：SSTC qazwsxed5526 已移動頁面 Madhyamika 至 Madhyamika 中觀派

[[Image:Nagarjuna17.JPG|frame|Arya [[Nagarjuna]]]]
'''Madhyamika''' (Skt. ''Mādhyamika''; Tib. [[དབུ་མ་པ་]], ''umapa''; [[Wyl.]] ''dbu ma pa'') — the followers of the '''Middle Way''' philosophy, which teaches freedom from all extremes. They say that just as truly existent external phenomena were refuted by the [[Chittamatra]] school, a truly existent perceiving mind must also be refuted, since both are equally lacking in inherent existence, being mere dependent originations.

The Madhyamika school originates with [[Nagarjuna]], who commented upon the direct meaning of the [[Prajñaparamita]] sutras in his [[Collection of Reasoning]], which includes the famous ''[[Root Verses on the Middle Way]]''.

==Subschools==
There are two ‘schools’ or streams within the Madhyamika: the [[Svatantrika]] and the [[Prasangika]].

These two approaches came about when two Indian masters wrote slightly different commentaries to Nagarjuna’s ''Root Verses'' text.

*[[Buddhapalita]] insisted that the followers of Madhyamika should not make any independent assertions, but merely show the absurd consequences of holding to any extreme position. This approach is called '''prasangika''', meaning “consequence”.

*The other, [[Bhavaviveka]], thought it was acceptable to use what is called “autonomous syllogism” (''svatantra''). This approach is called '''svatantrika'''.

==Madhyamika or Madhyamaka?==
There has been some disagreement in Western scholarship on the use of the terms Madhyamaka and Madhyamika. Great Sanskritists such as T. R. V. Murti, a member of the Sanskrit Commission set up by the Indian government in 1959, advocated the use of "Madhyamika" on all occasions. Others use [[Madhyamaka]] for the system and the texts, and Madhyamika for its advocates.

==Further Reading==
*David Seyfort Ruegg, ''The Literature of the Madhyamaka School of Philosophy in India'', Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1981
*[[Kangyur Rinpoche]], ''Treasury of Precious Qualities'' (Boston & London: Shambhala, 2001), 'Appendix 8'.

==Internal links==
*[[Four great logical arguments of the Middle Way]]

==External links==
*{{LH|topics/middle-way|Middle Way Series on Lotsawa House}}

[[Category:Key Terms]]
[[Category:Schools and Lineages]]
[[Category:Philosophical Tenets]]
[[Category:Madhyamika]]

Two accumulations 二資糧

2017-02-20T16:34:55Z

SSTC qazwsxed5526：SSTC qazwsxed5526 已移動頁面 Two accumulations 至 Two accumulations 二資糧

'''Two accumulations''' (Tib. [[ཚོགས་གཉིས་]], ''tsoknyi''; [[Wyl.]] ''tshogs gnyis''; Skt. ''sambhāradvaya'') — the accumulations of
* [[merit]] (Skt. ''puṇya''; Tib. [[བསོད་ནམས་]], ''sönam''; Wyl. ''bsod nams'') and
* [[wisdom]] (Skt. ''jñāna''; Tib. [[ཡེ་ཤེས་]], ''yeshe''; Wyl. ''ye shes'').

==Alternative Translations==
*Two collections
*Twofold spiritual development ([[LCN]])

==Further Reading==
*[[Patrul Rinpoche]], ''[[The Words of My Perfect Teacher]]'' (Boston: Shambhala, Revised edition, 1998), Chapter Four, 'I. The Need for the Two Accumulations', pages 283-285.
*[[Khenpo Ngawang Palzang]], ''[[A Guide to the Words of My Perfect Teacher]]'' (Boston & London: Shambhala, 2004), Chapter Four, 'I. The Need for the Two Accumulations', pages 233-236.
*Venerable [[Dezhung Rinpoche]], ''The Excellent Path of the Two Accumulations'', Gorum Publications, Sakya Losal Choe Dzong, Canberra, June 2000.

==External Links==
*[http://treasuryofwisdom.blogspot.com/2010/04/7-ringu-tulku-rinpocherigpa-shedra-east.html Ringu Tulku Rinpoche answers a Rigpa Shedra East student's question about the accumulation of merit and wisdom]

[[Category:Key Terms]]
[[Category:Enumerations]]
[[Category:02-Two]]

Two accumulations

2017-02-20T16:34:55Z

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#重新導向 [[Two accumulations 二資糧]]

Vinaya

2017-02-20T16:03:05Z

SSTC qazwsxed5526：SSTC qazwsxed5526 已移動頁面 Vinaya 至 Vinaya 毘尼；毗奈耶（戒律）

#重新導向 [[Vinaya 毘尼；毗奈耶（戒律）]]

Vinaya 律藏 / 毗奈耶

2017-02-20T16:03:04Z

SSTC qazwsxed5526：SSTC qazwsxed5526 已移動頁面 Vinaya 至 Vinaya 毘尼；毗奈耶（戒律）

'''Vinaya''' (Skt.; Tib. [[འདུལ་བ་]], ''dulwa''; [[Wyl.]] ''‘dul ba'') — one of the [[three pitakas]] or collections of the Buddhist scriptures, concerned primarily with monastic [[discipline]].

==External Links==
{{84000|http://read.84000.co/#!Section/O4JW3334JW334|Discipline}}

[[Category:Key Terms]]
[[Category:Vinaya]]
[[Category:Canon]]
[[Category:Texts]]
[[Category:84000 Translations]]

Trikaya Sutra

2017-02-20T15:51:46Z

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#重新導向 [[Trikaya Sutra 三身經]]

Trikaya Sutra 三身經

2017-02-20T15:51:45Z

SSTC qazwsxed5526：SSTC qazwsxed5526 已移動頁面 Trikaya Sutra 至 Trikaya Sutra 三身經

The '''Three Kaya Sutra''' or ''Sūtra of the Three Bodies'', Skt. ''Trikāyasūtra'', Tib. སྐུ་གསུམ་པའི་མདོ། contains an explanation of the [[three kayas]]: [[nirmanakaya]], [[sambhogakaya]] and [[dharmakaya]] by the buddha, answering a question of the bodhisattva [[Kshitigarbha]].

==English Translation==
*{{84000|http://read.84000.co/#!ReadingRoom/UT22084-068-017/2|The Sūtra of the Three Bodies, Trikāyasūtra}}

==Tibetan Text==
*{{TBRCW|O1GS12980|O1GS1298001JW13794$W22084|སྐུ་གསུམ་པའི་མདོ།}}

[[Category:Texts]]
[[Category:Sutras]]
[[Category:84000 Translations]]

Tantra

2017-02-20T15:50:57Z

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#重新導向 [[Tantra 續]]

Tantra 續

2017-02-20T15:50:56Z

SSTC qazwsxed5526：SSTC qazwsxed5526 已移動頁面 Tantra 至 Tantra 續

'''Tantra''' (Skt.; Tib. རྒྱུད་, ''gyü''; [[Wyl.]] ''rgyud'') — the term’s basic meaning is ‘thread’ or ‘continuity’. In its more specific usages, the term can mean:
*the key texts of the [[Vajrayana]]
:On this particular meaning of the term, [[Sogyal Rinpoche]] writes:
::The tantras are the teachings and writings that set out the practices of Vajrayana Buddhism, the stream of Buddhism prevalent in Tibet. The tantric teachings are based on the principle of the transformation of impure vision into [[Pure perception|pure vision]], through working with the body, energy, and mind. Tantric texts usually describe the [[mandala]] and [[meditation]] practices associated with a particular enlightened being or deity. Although they are called tantras, the [[Dzogchen tantras]] are a specific category of the [[Dzogchen]] teachings, which are not based on transformation but on self-liberation.<ref>Sogyal Rinpoche, ''[[The Tibetan Book of Living and Dying]]'', revised and updated edition, Harper San Francisco, 2002, page 404.</ref>
*the [[Vajrayana]], as opposed to the [[sutra]] vehicle
*the ‘mental continuum’ or mindstream

==Notes==
<references/>

==Subdivisions of Tantra Texts==
*root tantras (རྩ་རྒྱུད་, Wyl. ''rtsa rgyud'') and
*explanatory tantras (བཤད་རྒྱུད་, Wyl. ''bshad rgyud'')

==Internal Links==
*[[Tantrayana]]
*[[Ten topics of tantra]]
*[[Four classes of tantra]]
*[[Six classes of tantra]]

==External Links==
*{{84000|http://read.84000.co/#!Section/O4JW3334JW814|Tantra collection}}
*{{84000|http://read.84000.co/#!Section/O4JW3334JW1302|Old Tantras}}

==Further Reading==
*[[Jamgön Kongtrul]], ''The Treasury of Knowledge, Book Six, Part Four: Systems of Buddhist Tantra'', Snow Lion, 2005

[[Category:Key Terms]]
[[Category:Texts]]
[[Category:Tantras]]
[[Category:84000 Translations]]

Sutra

2017-02-20T15:50:37Z

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#重新導向 [[Sutra 經]]

Sutra 經 / 修多羅

2017-02-20T15:50:35Z

SSTC qazwsxed5526：SSTC qazwsxed5526 已移動頁面 Sutra 至 Sutra 經

[[Image:Dharma.JPG|frame|Texts from the [[Longchen Nyingtik]] [[Field of merit]]]]
'''Sutra''' (Skt. ''sūtra''; Tib. [[མདོ་]], ''do''; [[Wyl.]] ''mdo'') — the Sanskrit literally means ‘something that was heard from someone else’ and usually connotes ‘a discourse’.
*It refers to the discourses that the [[Buddha]] gave.
*‘Sutra’, as distinct from ‘[[tantra]]’. The entire teachings of the Buddha can be distinguished as either sutra or tantra.
* One of the [[three pitakas|three collections]] of the Buddha’s teachings: [[Vinaya]], Sutra (Tib. [[མདོ་སྡེ་]], ''do de'') and [[Abhidharma]]. Here, the Sutras are related primarily to [[meditation]], and are said to be the remedy for the poison of anger and aggression.

==Subdivisions==
There are three types of sutras:
#sutras spoken directly by the Buddha,
#sutras spoken through the blessing of the Buddha, and
#sutras spoken through mandate.

During the forty-five years the Buddha taught, he granted thousands of sutra teachings to his disciples. Other teachings, directly inspired by the blessing of the Buddha and spoken by the great [[bodhisattvas]], are also considered sutras. The most famous example of such a sutra is the [[Heart Sutra]], which is recited by the bodhisattva [[Avalokiteshvara]]. Sutras spoken through mandate are those which the Buddha instructed his followers to compile from the teachings they had heard.<ref>''Ways of Enlightenment'', Dharma Publishing pages 31-32</ref>

==References==
<references/>

==External Links==
*{{84000|http://read.84000.co/#!Section/O4JW3334JW510|General Sūtra Section}}

[[Category:Key Terms]]
[[Category:Sutras]]
[[Category:Canon]]
[[Category:Texts]]
[[Category:Kangyur]]
[[Category:84000 Translations]]

Smaller Sukhavativyuha Sutra

2017-02-20T15:50:06Z

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#重新導向 [[Smaller Sukhavativyuha Sutra 阿彌陀經（或稱《小無量壽經》）]]

Smaller Sukhavativyuha Sutra 阿彌陀經（或稱《小無量壽經》）

2017-02-20T15:50:05Z

SSTC qazwsxed5526：SSTC qazwsxed5526 已移動頁面 Smaller Sukhavativyuha Sutra 至 Smaller Sukhavativyuha Sutra 阿彌陀經（或稱《小無量壽經》）

[[File:Sukhavati.jpg|frame|[[Sukhavati]]]]
The '''Smaller Sukhavativyuha Sutra''' (Skt. ''Sukhāvatīvyūhasūtra''), which takes place in the [[Jetavana|Jeta Grove]], contains a description of the [[Sukhavati]] pure realm of Buddha [[Amitabha]]. It was translated into Tibetan from Sanskrit by [[Shyang Yeshé Dé]].

==Internal Links==
*[[Amitabhavyuha Sutra]] (Longer Sukhavativyuha Sutra)

==English Translations==
* {{84000|http://read.84000.co/#!ReadingRoom/UT22084-051-003/2|The Display of the Pure Land of Sukhāvatī}}
* [http://www.lapislazulitexts.com/shorter_sukhavativyuha_sutra.html Translation from the Chinese on Lapis Lazuli Texts]

[[Category:Texts]]
[[Category:Sutras]]
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Ratnakuta

2017-02-20T15:49:17Z

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#重新導向 [[Ratnakuta 寶積經]]

Ratnakuta 寶積經

2017-02-20T15:49:16Z

SSTC qazwsxed5526：SSTC qazwsxed5526 已移動頁面 Ratnakuta 至 Ratnakuta 寶積經

'''Ratnakuta''' (Skt. ''Ratnakūṭa''; Tib. [[དཀོན་མཆོག་བརྩེགས་པ་]], [[Wyl.]] ''dkon mchog brtsegs pa''), or 'Heap of Jewels', is a collection of 49 [[sutra]]s comprising one of the major sections into which the Tibetan Canon ([[Kangyur]]) is divided.

==Further Reading==
*G.C. Chang (ed.), ''A Treasury of Mahayana Sutras'', Pennsylvania State University, 1983
*K. Priscilla Pederson, 'Notes on the Ratnakūṭa Collection' in ''Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies'', Vol. 3, No. 2, 1980, pp. 60-66

==External Links==
*{{84000|http://read.84000.co/#!Section/O4JW3334JW452|Heap of Jewels}}

[[Category:Kangyur]]
[[Category:Texts]]
[[Category:Sutras]]
[[Category:84000 Translations]]

Mahamaya

2017-02-20T15:48:17Z

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#重新導向 [[Mahamaya 摩訶摩耶皇后]]

Mahamaya 摩訶摩耶皇后

2017-02-20T15:48:16Z

SSTC qazwsxed5526：SSTC qazwsxed5526 已移動頁面 Mahamaya 至 Mahamaya 摩訶摩耶皇后

'''Mahamaya''' (Skt. Mahāmāyā; [[Wyl.]] ''sgyu ma chen mo''; Eng. 'Great Illusion')

#One of the [[mother tantra]]s of [[Anuttarayoga Tantra]]
#Another name of [[Mayadevi]], the [[Buddha]]'s mother

==External Links==
*{{84000|http://read.84000.co/browser/released/UT22084/080/UT22084-080-009.pdf|The Mahāmāyā Tantra}}
[[Category:Historical Figures]]
[[Category:Tantras]]
[[Category:84000 Translations]]

Kurukulla 咕如咕列佛母／作明佛母

2017-02-20T15:47:06Z

SSTC qazwsxed5526：SSTC qazwsxed5526 已移動頁面 Kurukulla 咕如咕列佛母／作明佛母至 Kurukulla 咕嚕咕列佛母／作明佛母

#重新導向 [[Kurukulla 咕嚕咕列佛母／作明佛母]]

Kurukulla 咕嚕咕列佛母／作明佛母

2017-02-20T15:47:05Z

SSTC qazwsxed5526：SSTC qazwsxed5526 已移動頁面 Kurukulla 咕如咕列佛母／作明佛母至 Kurukulla 咕嚕咕列佛母／作明佛母

[[Image:Kurukulla.jpg|frame|From the visions of [[Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo]]. (Courtesy of [[Dzongsar Jamyang Khyentse Rinpoche]])]]
'''Kurukulla''' (Skt. ''kurukullā''; Tib. [[རིག་བྱེད་མ་]], ''rikjéma''; [[Wyl.]] ''rig byed ma'') — a female deity of the [[Lotus family]], associated with the activity of magnetizing. She is usually depicted as red in colour, in dancing posture and holding a flowery bow and arrow. She is also one of the [[Twenty-One Taras]] mentioned in the ancient [[Tara]] [[tantra]]s.

==External Links==
*[http://www.himalayanart.org/pages/kurukulla/index.html Outline page on Himalayan Art]
*{{84000|http://read.84000.co/browser/released/UT22084/081/UT22084-081-006.pdf|The Practice Manual of Noble Tārā Kurukullā}}

[[Category:Buddhas and Deities]][[Category:84000 Translations]]

Kangyur

2017-02-20T15:45:47Z

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#重新導向 [[Kangyur 甘珠爾（藏文大藏經之「佛語部」）]]

Kangyur 甘珠爾（藏文大藏經之「佛語部」）

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SSTC qazwsxed5526：SSTC qazwsxed5526 已移動頁面 Kangyur 至 Kangyur 甘珠爾（藏文大藏經之「佛語部」）

[[Image:Buton.JPG|thumb|[[Butön Rinchen Drup]]]]
'''Kangyur''' ([[བཀའ་འགྱུར་]], [[Wyl.]] ''bka' 'gyur'') literally the 'translated words' of the [[Buddha]]. The Kangyur is a collection of the Buddha's own teachings in their Tibetan translation. The [[Word of the Buddha|words of the Buddha]] are the [[sutra]]s and the [[tantra]]s. The parent collection of the Kangyur is the [[Tengyur]] that gathers the [[treatise]]s composed by the great Indian masters of the first millennium in Tibetan translation. Though these collections aimed at exhaustiveness, most [[Nyingma]] tantras were left out by their [[Sarma]] compilers. This lead to the creation of the [[Nyingma Gyübum]] that brings together the Nyingma tantras.

The compilation of the first version of the Kangyur was finalized by the great scholar [[Butön Rinchen Drup]] (1290-1364). Several versions of the compilation existed in Tibet, among which the most notable are those from [[Dergé Kangyur|Dergé]], [[Lhasa Kangyur|Lhasa]], [[Narthang Kangyur|Narthang]], [[Choné Kangyur|Choné]], Peking, [[Urga Kangyur|Urga]], Phudrak, and [[Tok Palace Kangyur|Tok Palace]]. Before the compilation work started, most of the texts in these collections existed in several translations. The editors chose the one they considered the best. While the 'chosen one' became authoritative, most of the other ones disappeared. The different editions mostly show minor variations in the texts collected.

==Divisions==
*[[Vinaya]] ([[འདུལ་བ་]], ''<nowiki>'</nowiki>dul ba'')
:{{84000|http://read.84000.co/#!Section/O4JW3334JW334|Discipline}}
*[[Prajnaparamita|Prajñāpāramitā]] ([[ཤེར་ཕྱིན་]], ''sher phyin'')
:{{84000|http://read.84000.co/#!Section/O4JW3334JW363|Perfection of Wisdom (''Prajñāpāramitā'')}}
*[[Avatamsaka|Buddhāvataṃsaka]] ([[ཕལ་ཆེན་]], ''phal chen'')
:{{84000|http://read.84000.co/#!Section/O4JW3334JW443|The Sūtra of the Ornament of the Buddhas}}
*[[Ratnakuta|Ratnakūṭa]] ([[དཀོན་བརྩེགས་]], ''dkon brtsegs'')
:{{84000|http://read.84000.co/#!Section/O4JW3334JW452|Heap of Jewels}}
*[[Sutra|Sūtra]] ([[མདོ་]], ''mdo'')
:{{84000|http://read.84000.co/#!Section/O4JW3334JW510|General Sūtra Section}}
*[[Tantra]] ([[རྒྱུད་]], ''rgyud'')
:{{84000|http://read.84000.co/#!Section/O4JW3334JW814|Tantra collection}}
:{{84000|http://read.84000.co/#!Section/O4JW3334JW1302|Old Tantras}}

==Further Reading==
*Paul Harrison, 'A Brief History of the Tibetan bKa' 'gyur' in Cabezón and Jackson, ed., ''Tibetan Literature: Studies in Genre'', Snow Lion, 1996
*Peter Skilling, ''Translating the Buddha's Words: Some Notes on the Kanjur Translation Project'', Nonthaburi, March 11, 2009
*Peter Skilling, 'Kanjur Titles and Colophons' in ''Tibetan Studies'', vol. 2. Oslo, 1994, pp.768-780

==External Links==
*{{84000|http://read.84000.co/|Translations of the Word of the Buddha at 84000.co}}
*{{LH|words-of-the-buddha/|Words of the Buddha}}
*{{TBRC|W1PD96685|བཀའ་འགྱུར། ༼ཅོ་ནེ༽}}
*{{TBRC|W30532|བཀའ་འགྱུར། ༼སྡེ་དགེ༽}}
*{{TBRC|W22703|བཀའ་འགྱུར། ༼སྣར་ཐང་༽}}
*{{TBRC|W26071|བཀའ་འགྱུར། ༼ལྷ་ས༽}}
*[http://tbrc.org/#!catalog/canon Tibetan Canonical Works at the TBRC]
*[http://www.asianclassics.org/etext.php Electronic versions of the Kangyur at asianclassics.org (ACIP)]
*[http://www.istb.univie.ac.at/kanjur/ Online searchable Kangyur]

[[Category:Canon]]
[[Category:Kangyur]]
[[Category:Texts]]
[[Category:Key Terms]]
[[Category:84000 Translations]]

Avatamsaka Sutra 華嚴經

2017-02-20T15:44:58Z

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'''Avatamsaka Sutra''' (Skt. ''Avataṃsakasūtra''; Tib. [[ཕལ་པོ་ཆེ་]], [[Wyl.]] ''mdo phal po che'') — one of the most important (and largest) of all [[Mahayana]] [[sutra]]s. It includes the ''[[Sutra of the Ten Bhumis]]'' and the ''[[Gandavyuha Sutra]]'', which in turn includes ''[[Samantabhadra's Aspiration to Good Actions]]''. The Tibetan version in 45 chapters was translated in the 9th century by Surendra and Vairocana Rakṣita. It's a voluminous sutra comprising four volumes in the [[Kangyur]] ([[Dergé Kangyur|Derge edition]]).

==Quotation==
{{:Quotations: Avatamsaka Sutra}}

==Translations==
*''The Flower Ornament Scripture'', translated (from Chinese) by Thomas Cleary (Boston & London: Shambhala, 1987, 1993)

==Internal Links==
*[[Sutra of Completely Pure Conduct]]

==External Links==
*{{TBRC|O1GS12980%7CO1GS1298001JW13515$W22084|འཕགས་པ་སངས་རྒྱས་ཕལ་པོ་ཆེ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ཤིན་ཏུ་རྒྱས་པ་ཆེན་པོའི་མདོ།, ''Derge Kangyur, Volumes 35,36, 37 & 38''}}
*{{84000|http://read.84000.co/#!Section/O4JW3334JW443|The Sūtra of the Ornament of the Buddhas}}

[[Category:Texts]]
[[Category:Sutras]]
[[Category:84000 Translations]]

Avatamsaka Sutra

2017-02-20T15:44:58Z

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#重新導向 [[Avatamsaka Sutra 華嚴經]]

Akashagarbha Sutra

2017-02-20T15:44:16Z

SSTC qazwsxed5526：SSTC qazwsxed5526 已移動頁面 Akashagarbha Sutra 至 Akashagarbha Sutra 虛空藏經

#重新導向 [[Akashagarbha Sutra 虛空藏經]]

Akashagarbha Sutra 虛空藏菩薩經

2017-02-20T15:44:15Z

SSTC qazwsxed5526：SSTC qazwsxed5526 已移動頁面 Akashagarbha Sutra 至 Akashagarbha Sutra 虛空藏經

The '''Akashagarbha Sutra''' (Skt: ''Ākāśagarbha Sūtra'', Tib. ནམ་མཁའི་སྙིང་པོའི་མདོ།). The Buddha explains how to invoke the blessings of [[Akashagarbha, Bodhisattva|Ākāśagarbha]], one of the '[[eight great bodhisattvas]]', for purification and guidance on the path.

==English Translation==
*{{84000|http://read.84000.co/#!ReadingRoom/UT22084-066-018/2|The Ākāśagarbha Sūtra}}

==Tibetan Text==
* {{TBRCW|O1GS12980|O1GS1298001JW13769$W22084|ནམ་མཁའི་སྙིང་པོའི་མདོ།}}

[[Category:Texts]]
[[Category:Sutras]]
[[Category:84000 Translations]]

Eighty-four mahasiddhas

2017-02-20T15:39:41Z

SSTC qazwsxed5526：SSTC qazwsxed5526 已移動頁面 Eighty-four mahasiddhas 至 Eighty-four mahasiddhas 印度八十四大成就者

#重新導向 [[Eighty-four mahasiddhas 印度八十四大成就者]]

Eighty-four mahasiddhas 印度八十四大成就者

2017-02-20T15:39:40Z

SSTC qazwsxed5526：SSTC qazwsxed5526 已移動頁面 Eighty-four mahasiddhas 至 Eighty-four mahasiddhas 印度八十四大成就者

'''Eighty-four mahasiddhas''' (Skt. ''caturaśītisiddha''; Tib. གྲུབ་ཐོབ་བརྒྱད་ཅུ་རྩ་བཞི་, [[Wyl.]] ''grub thob brgyad cu rtsa bzhi'') — eighty (or eighty four) [[mahasiddha|great siddhas]] of ancient India whose lives have been recounted by [[Abhayadatta]].

{| style="border-spacing:0;"
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| '''No.'''
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| '''Tibetan'''
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| '''Sanskrit'''
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| '''Phonetics'''
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| '''English'''<ref>Dowman, Keith: ''Masters of Mahāmudrā, Songs and Histories of the Eigthy-Four Buddhist Siddhas'', 1985</ref>

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 1
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ལཱུ་ཨི་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Lūipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Luipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Fish-Gut Eater

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 2
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ལཱི་ལ་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Līlapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Lilapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Royal Hedonist

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 3
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| བི་རཱུ་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Virūpa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| [[Virupa]]
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Ḍākinī-Master

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 4
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཌོམྦི་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Ḍombipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| [[Dombi Heruka|Dombipa]]
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Tiger-Rider

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 5
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཥ་ཝ་རི་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Śavaripa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| [[Shavaripa]]
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Hunter

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 6
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ས་ར་ཧ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Saraha
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| [[Saraha]]
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Great Brahmin

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 7
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཀངྐཱ་རི་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Kaṅkāripa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Kangkaripa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Lovelorn Widower

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 8
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| མཱི་ན་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Mīnapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Minapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Hindu Jonah

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 9
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཤྲཱི་གོ་རཀྵ་ནཱཐ྄།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Nāth Siddha Gorakṣa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Nat Siddha Goraksha
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Immortal Cowherd

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 10
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཙཽ་རངྒི་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Cauraṅgipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Chauranggipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Dismembered Stepson

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 11
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཝཱི་ཎཱ་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Vīṇāpa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Vinapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Musician

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 12
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཤཱནྟི་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Śāntipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| [[Shantipa]]
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Complacent Missionary

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 13
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཏནྟི་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Tantipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Tantipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Senile Weaver

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 14
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཙཱ་མཱ་རི་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Cāmāripa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Chamaripa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Cobbler

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 15
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཁཌྒ་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Khaḍgapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Khadgapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Fearless Thief

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 16
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཀླུ་སྒྲུབ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Nāgārjuna
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| [[Nagarjuna]]
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Nagarjuna

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 17
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ནག་པོ་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Kāṇhapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| [[Kanha|Kanhapa]]
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Dark Siddha

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 18
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| འཕགས་པ་ལྷ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Āryadeva
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| [[Aryadeva]]
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The One-Eyed

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 19
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཐ་ག་ན་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Thaganapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Taganapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Compulsive Liar

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 20
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ནཱ་རོ་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Nāropa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| [[Naropa]]
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Dauntless

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 21
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཥྱ་ལི་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Śyalipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| [[Shalipa|Shyalipa]]
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Jackal-Yogin

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 22
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཏི་ལོ་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Tilopa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| [[Tilopa]]
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Great Renunciate

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 23
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཙ་ཏྲ་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Catrapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Chatrapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Lucky Beggar

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 24
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| བྷ་དྲ་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Bhadrapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Bhadrapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Exclusive Brahmin

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 25
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| དུ་ཁངྡྷི་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Dukhaṅdhi
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Dukhangdhi
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Scavenger

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 26
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཨ་ཛོ་གི་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Ajogi
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| [[Ajogi]]
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Rejected Wastrel

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 27
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཀཱ་ལ་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Kālapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Kalapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Handsome Madman

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 28
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| དྷོ་བཱི་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Dhobīpa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Dhobipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Wise Washerman

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 29
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཀངྐ་ཎ་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Kaṅkaṇa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Kangkana
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Siddha-King

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 30
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཀམྦ་ལ་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Kambala
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Kambala
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Black-Blanket-Clad Yogin

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 31
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཌེངྒི་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Ḍeṅgipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Denggipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Courtesan's Brahmin Slave

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 32
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| བྷནྡེ་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Bhandepa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Bhandepa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Envious God

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 33
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཏངྟེ་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Taṅtepa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| [[Tantepa|Tangtepa]]
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Gambler

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 34
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཀུ་ཀྐུ་རི་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Kukkuripa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Kukkuripa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Dog-Lover

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 35
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཀུ་ཙི་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Kucipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Kuchipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Goitre-Necked Yogin

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 36
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| དྷརྨ་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Dharmapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Dharmapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Eternal Student

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 37
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| མ་ཧི་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Mahipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Mahipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Greatest

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 38
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཨ་ཙིངྟ་།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Aciṅta
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| [[Achinta|Achingta]]
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Avaricious Hermit

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 39
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| བ་བྷ་ཧ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Babhaha
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Babhaha
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Free Lover

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 40
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ན་ལི་ན་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Nalinapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Nalinapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Self-Reliant Prince

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 41
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཞི་བ་ལྷ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Śāntideva
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| [[Shantideva]]
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Idle Monk

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 42
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཨིནྡྲ་བྷཱུ་ཏི།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Indrabhūti
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| [[Indrabhuti]]
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Enlightened Siddha-King

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 43
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| མེ་ཀོ་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Mekopa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Mekopa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Guru Dread-Stare

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 44
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཀོ་ཊཱ་ལི་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Koṭālipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Kotalipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Peasant Guru

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 45
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཀམྤ་རི་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Kamparipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Kamparipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Blacksmith

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 46
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཛཱ་ལནྡྷ་ར་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Jālandhara
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Jalandhara
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Ḍākinī's Chosen One

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 47
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| རཱ་ཧུ་ལ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Rāhula
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| [[Rahula]]
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Rejuvenated Dotard

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 48
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| དྷརྨ་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Dharmapa (Gharbari)
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Dharmapa (Gharbari)
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Contrite Paṇḍita

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 49
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| དྷོ་ཀ་རི་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Dhokaripa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Dhokaripa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Bowl-Bearer

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 50
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| མེ་དྷི་ནཱི།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Medhinī
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Medhini
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Tired Farmer

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 51
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| པངྐ་ཛ་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Paṅkajapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Pangkajapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Lotus-Born Brahmin

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 52
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| གྷ་ཎྚཱ་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Ghaṇṭāpa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Ghantapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Celibate Bell-Ringer

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 53
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཛོ་གི་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Jogipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Jogipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Siddha-Pilgrim

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 54
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཙེ་ལུ་ཀ་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Celukapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Chelukapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Revitalized Drone

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 55
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| གོ་དྷུ་རི་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Godhuripa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| [[Godhuripa]]
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Bird-Catcher

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 56
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ལུ་ཙི་ཀ་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Lucikapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Luchikapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Escapist

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 57
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ནིརྒུ་ཎ་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Nirguṇapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Nirgunapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Enlightened Moron

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 58
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཛ་ཡཱ་ནནྡ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Jayānanda
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| [[Jayananda]]
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Crow Master

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 59
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| པ་ཙ་རི་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Pacaripa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Pacharipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Pastrycook

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 60
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཙ་མྤ་ཀ
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Campaka
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Champaka
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Flower King

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 61
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| བྷི་ཀྵ་ན་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Bhikṣanapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Bhikshanapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Siddha Two-Teeth

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 62
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| དྷི་ལི་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Dhilipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Dhilipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Epicurean Merchant

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 63
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཀུམྦྷ་རི་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Kumbharipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Kumbharipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Potter

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 64
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཙ་རྦ་རི་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Carbaripa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Charbaripa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Petrifier

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 65
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| མ་ཎི་བྷ་དྲཱ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Maṇibhadrā
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Manibhadra
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Happy Housewife

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 66
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| མེ་ཁ་ལཱ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Mekhalā
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Mekhala
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Elder Severed-Headed Sister

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 67
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཀ་ན་ཁ་ལཱ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Kanakhalā
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Kanakhala
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Younger Severed-Headed Sister

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 68
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཀི་ལ་ཀི་ལ་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Kilakilapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Kilakilapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Exiled Loud-Mouth

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 69
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཀནྟ་ལི་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Kantalipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Kantalipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Ragman-Tailor

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 70
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| དྷ་ཧུ་ལི་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Dhahulipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Dhahulipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Blistered Rope-Maker

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 71
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཨུ་དྷི་ལི་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Udhilipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Udhilipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Bird-Man

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 72
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཀ་པཱ་ལ་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Kapālapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Kapalapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Skull-Bearer

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 73
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཀི་ར་པཱ་ལ་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Kirapālapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Kirapalapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Repentant Conqueror

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 74
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ས་ཀ་ར།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Sakara
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Sakara
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Lotus-Born

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 75
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| སརྦ་བྷཀྵ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Sarvabhakṣa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Sarvabhaksha
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Glutton

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 76
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ནཱ་ག་བོ་དྷི།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Nāgabodhi
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| [[Nagabodhi]]
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Red-Horned Thief

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 77
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| དཱ་རི་ཀ་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Dārikapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Darikapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Slave-King of the Temple Whore

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 78
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| པུ་ཏ་ལི་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Putalipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Putalipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Mendicant Icon-Bearer

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 79
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཨུ་པ་ན་ཧ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Upanaha
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Upanaha
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Bootmaker

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 80
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཀོ་ཀི་ལི་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Kokilipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Kokilipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Complacent Esthete

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 81
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ཨ་ནངྒ་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Anaṅgapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Ananggapa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Handsome Fool

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 82
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ལཀྵྨཱིངྐ་རཱ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Lakṣmīṅkarā
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Lakshmingkara
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Crazy Princess

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 83
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| ས་མུ་དྲ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Samudra
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Samudra
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Pearl Diver

|-
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| 84
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| བྱཱ་ལི་པ།
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Vyālipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| Vyalipa
| style="border:none;padding:0.1cm;"| The Courtesan's Alchemist

|}


==Further Reading==
*[[Abhayadatta]], ''Buddha's Lions: Lives of the Eighty-four Siddhas'', translated by James B. Robinson (Emeryville: Dharma Publishing, 1979).
*Keith Dowman
**''Buddhist Masters of Enchantment: The Lives and Legends of the Mahasiddhas'' (Rochester: Inner Traditions, 1998)
**''Masters of Mahāmudrā: Songs and Histories of the Eighty-four Buddhist Siddhas'' (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1986)

==References==
<References />

==External Links==
*[http://www.himalayanart.org/pages/mahasiddha/index.html Mahasiddha Outline page on Himalayan Art]

[[Category:Historical Masters]]
[[Category:Indian Masters]]
[[Category:Mahāsiddhas]]
[[Category:Enumerations]]
[[Category:80s-Eighties]]

Eighty minor marks of a buddha 八十隨形好（佛陀身相莊嚴之特徵）

2017-02-20T15:39:26Z

SSTC qazwsxed5526：SSTC qazwsxed5526 已移動頁面 Eighty minor marks of a buddha 至 Eighty minor marks of a buddha 八十隨形好（佛陀身相莊嚴之特徵）

The '''minor marks''' are described as completing the details of the [[Thirty-two major marks of a buddha|major marks,]] just as the anthers — themselves a detail of the flower — comprise a minor mark that embellishes the flower, which is the major mark. (Tib. དཔེ་བྱད་ནི་མཚན་གྱི་ཆ་ཤས་རྣམས་རྫོགས་པར་བྱེད་པ་སྟེ། མེ་ཏོག་གི་ཆ་ཤས་ཟེའུ་འབྲུ་ཡིན་པ་ལྟར་མཚན་གྱི་མེ་ཏོག་ལ་དཔེ་བྱད་ཀྱི་ཟེའུ་འབྲུས་མཛེས་པ་ཞེས་གསུངས་སོ།། ) <ref>[[Mipham]], ''Gateway to Knowledge Vol.3''.</ref>

The '''eighty minor marks''' are the following:

*1-3 His nails have a red colour resembling copper, possess a shiny hue and their centres are raised, being neither concave nor flat. (Tib. སེན་མོ་ཟངས་ཀྱི་མདོག་ལྟར་དམར་བ། སེན་མོའི་མདོག་སྣུམ་པ། གཤོང་བུ་དང་ལེབ་མོ་མིན་པར་དབུས་མཐོ་བ་གསུམ་དང༌། )
*4-6 His fingers are rounded, broad and well-tapered. (Tib. སོར་མོ་རྣམས་ཟླུམ་པ། རྒྱས་པ། བྱིན་གྱིས་ཕྲ་བ་གསུམ་དང༌། )
*7-8 His veins are not visible, and are free from knots. (Tib. རྩ་མི་མངོན་པ། རྩ་མདུད་མེད་པ་གཉིས་དང༌། )
*9-11 His ankle-bones do not protrude, his feet are even and do not differ in length, and he walks with steps of even length. (Tib. ཞབས་ཀྱི་ལོང་བུ་མི་མངོན་པ། ཞབས་རིང་ཐུང་མེད་པར་མཉམ་པ་གོམ་པ་ཆེ་ཆུང་སྙོམས་པར་འདོར་བ་གསུམ་དང༌། )
*12-18 Outshining humans, he walks with the lion’s gait; outshining nagas, he walks with the elephant’s gait; he walks with the manner of the swan moving through the air; leading the retinue to the desired destination, he walks with the bull’s gait; he walks naturally to the right side; he walks elegantly and attractively; and he walks evenly and straight. These were the seven manners of walking. (Tib. མི་ཟིལ་གྱིས་གནོན་པ་སེང་གེའི་སྟབས་སུ་གཤེགས་པ་དང༌། ཀླུ་ཟིལ་གྱིས་གནོན་པ་གླང་ཆེན་གྱི་སྟབས་སུ་གཤེགས་པ་དང༌། མཁའ་ལ་བྱ་ངང་པའི་སྟབས་སུ་གཤེགས་དང༌། གང་འདོད་པའི་གནས་སུ་འཁོར་གྱི་སྣ་དྲང་བ་ཁྱུ་མཆོག་གི་སྟབས་སུ་གཤེགས་པ་དང༌། ཆོས་ཉིད་ཀྱིས་གཡས་ཕྱོགས་སུ་གཤེགས་པ་དང༌། མཛེས་ཤིང་ཡིད་དུ་འོང་བར་གཤེགས་པ་དང༌། མ་ཡོ་བར་དྲང་པོར་གཤེགས་པ་སྟེ་གཤེགས་སྟངས་བདུན་དང༌། )
*19-21 His head is rounded and broad, like a parasol, his hairline is well-defined, and his forehead is broad and well-formed. (Tib. དབུ་གདུགས་ལྟར་ཟླུམ་ལ་རྒྱས་པ། ། སྐྲ་མཚམས་ལེགས་པར་འབྱེས་པ། དཔྲལ་བ་རྒྱས་ཤིང་དབྱེས་ཆེ་བ་གསུམ་དང༌།)
*22-27 His hair is shiny black like a bee, attractive, smooth, not tangled or matted, not strutting or unruly, and has a sweet scent. (Tib. དབུ་སྐྲ་བུང་བ་ལྟར་གནག་པ། ཡིད་དུ་སྡུག་པ། འཇམ་པ། མ་འཛིང་བ་སྟེ་མ་འཕྱིང་བ། མི་གཤོར་བ་མི་རྩུབ་པ། དྲི་ཞིམ་པ་དྲུག་དང༌། )
*28-32 His eyes are long and wide, like the petals of the utpala flower; their black and white parts are well-defined and beautiful, like the petals of a lotus; his two eyes are pure, being free from defects of discoloration; his eyes are perfect, being free from the defilement of blurring when beholding an object; and his eyelashes are thick and attractive. These were the five minor marks of his eyes. (Tib. སྤྱན་སྤྱན་ཨུཏ་པལ་གྱི་འདབ་མ་འདྲ་བ་ནི་དཀྱུས་རིང་ཞིང་ཡངས་པ། དཀར་ནག་འབྱེས་པ་སོགས་ཀྱིས་ཡིད་དུ་འོང་བ་པད་མའི་འདབ་མ་འདྲ་བ། སྤྱན་ལ་རི་མོ་ར་རི་སོགས་ཀྱི་སྐྱོན་མེད་པས་སྤྱན་གཉིས་དག་པ། སྤྱན་གྱི་ཡུལ་གཟིགས་པ་ལ་རབ་རིབ་སོགས་ཀྱི་དྲི་མ་མེད་པས་རྣམ་པར་དག་པ། སྤྱན་གྱི་རྫི་མ་ཡིད་དུ་འོང་བས་སྡུག་པ་སྟེ་སྤྱན་གྱི་ལྔའོ།། )
*33-36 Above his eyes, the eyebrows are long, have smooth hair, a shiny color, and have hairs of even length. (Tib. སྤྱན་གྱི་སྟེང་གི་སྨིན་མ་གཉིས་ཀྱི་སྨིན་ཚུགས་རིང་བ། སྤུ་འཇམ་པ། མདོག་སྣུམ་པ། སྤུ་རིང་ཐུང་མཉམ་པ་བཞི་དང༌། )
*37-38 His two ears are of equal size, and his faculty of hearing is totally unimpaired. (Tib. སྙན་གཉིས་རིང་ཐུང་ཆེ་ཆུང་སོགས་མཉམ་པ། སྙན་གྱི་དབང་པོ་ཉམས་པ་རྣམ་པར་སྤང་བ་གཉིས་དང༌། )
*39-40 His nose is prominent and totally clean, being free of mucus or the like. (Tib. ཤངས་གཟེངས་མཐོ་བ་དང༌། སྣབས་སོགས་ཀྱིས་ཡོངས་སུ་དག་པ་གཉིས་དང༌། )
*41-42 His face is even in size, not too long; and his lips are red, like the bimba fruit, and so bright they can reflect an image. (Tib. མཆུ་ཤིང་ཐོག་བིམ་པ་ལྟར་དམར་ལ་གཟུགས་བརྙན་སྣང་བ་ཙམ་དུ་དང་བ་གཉིས་དང༌། )
*43-45 His tongue, like the lotus, is supple, slender and red. (Tib. ལྗགས་པཨ་ལྟར་མཉེན་པ། སྲབ་པ། དམར་བ་གསུམ་དང༌། )
*46-50 His four incisors are round; they have sharp tips; his teeth are white in colour, equal in length and are well-tapered. (Tib. མཆེ་བ་བཞི་ཟླུམ་པ། རྩེ་རྣོ་བ་མདོག་དཀར་བ། རིང་ཐུང་མཉམ་པ། བྱིན་གྱིས་ཕྲ་བ་ལྔ་དང༌། )
*51-52 His voice is majestic like thunder, and being free from the harshness of scurrying sounds, is soft and gentle. (Tib. གསུང་འབྲུག་སྒྲ་ལྟར་བརྗིད་ཆེ་བ། གསུང་ལ་རད་རོད་ཀྱི་འཛེར་བག་མེད་པས་མཉེན་ཞིང་འཇམ་པ་གཉིས་དང༌། )
*53-54 His hands are long and broad, and are soft like cotton wool. (Tib. ཕྱག་རིང་ཞིང་རྒྱས་པ། ཤིང་བལ་ལྟར་འཇམ་པ་གཉིས་དང༌། )
*55-57 The lines on his palms are distinct and clear, the lines are set deep, and they are long and without interruptions. (Tib. ཕྱག་གི་རི་མོ་རྣམས་གསལ་ཞིང་མདངས་ཡོད་པ། གཏིང་ཟབ་པར་དོད་པ། མ་ཆད་པར་རིང་དུ་དོད་པ་གསུམ་དང༌། )
*58-67 Slender and shapely, his body is well-formed; free from irregular length and thickness, his body is well-proportioned; the details of the major marks are all distinct and complete; with the frame being wide and magnificent, he has a broad physical bearing; his body is extremely youthful; free from bumpiness, his body is smooth; free from the defect of an overlong body, his bearing is not sunken; his flesh is full; his body is firm and not sagging; his fingers and limbs are extremely well-proportioned through their well-defined thickness. These ten are the general qualities of his body. (Tib. སྐུ་མཉེན་ཞིང་འགྱིངས་ལེགས་པས་འཁྲིལ་བག་ཆགས་པ། རིང་ཐུང་སྦོམ་ཕྲ་སོགས་མ་འཆོལ་བས་རིམ་པར་མཚམས་པ། མཚན་རྣམས་ཀྱི་ཆ་ཤས་མཐའ་དག་གསལ་ཞིང་རྫོགས་པ། སྐུ་ཁྱོན་ཆེ་བས་ཁོ་ལག་ཡངས་ཤིང་བཟང་བ། སྐུ་ཤིན་ཏུ་གཞོན་ཤ་ཅན་དུ་གྱུར་པ། སྐུ་ལ་རྩུབ་པའི་བག་མེད་པས་འཇམ་པ། སྐུ་རིང་བ་སོགས་ཀྱི་སྐྱོན་མེད་པས་ཞུམ་པ་མེད་པ། སྐུ་ཤ་རྒྱས་པ། སྐུ་མི་ལྷོད་པར་ཤིན་ཏུ་གྲིམ་པ། སོར་མོ་དང་ཡན་ལག་རྣམས་སྦོམ་ཕྲ་སོགས་ཀྱི་ཆ་ཕྱེད་པས་ཤིན་ཏུ་རྣམ་པར་འབྱེས་པ་བཅུ་ནི་སྐུ་སྤྱིའི་ཡོན་ཏན་དང༌།)
*68-71 His body is free from moles and discoloration; free from unattractive defects, his body is perfect; it is spotless, being free from the impurities of eye-excretion, plaque on the teeth, and so forth; and being naturally clean, even without bathing, his body looks as if it were polished. These were the four qualities of his immaculate body. (Tib. སྐུ་ལ་སྨེ་བ་དང་གནག་བག་མེད་པ། སྐུ་མཛེས་པའི་སྐྱོན་གྱིས་རྣམ་པར་དག་པ། མིག་རྣག་སོ་དྲེགས་སོགས་དྲི་མས་གཙང་བ། ཁྲུས་སོགས་མ་བྱས་ཀྱང་རང་བཞིན་གྱིས་དག་པས་བྱི་དོར་བྱས་པ་འདྲ་བ་དང་བཞི་ནི་སྐུ་ལ་སྐྱོན་མེད་པའི་ཡོན་ཏན་ནོ།། )
*72-75 His waist is rounded as indicated by ‘well-rounded side’; the waist being regular, his belly is perfectly moderate; his belly is not drooping by being too long; and his belly is even since the abdomen, meaning the stomach, does not bulge. These were the four qualities of his lower torso. (Tib. དཀུ་ཟླུམ་པ་ཞེས་པ་དཔྱིའི་སྟ་ཟུར་གྱིས་མཚོན་པའི་སྐེད་པ་ཟླུམ་པ། སྐེད་སྐབས་འཚམས་པས་སྐབས་ཕྱིན་པ། སྐེད་པ་ཧ་ཅང་མི་རིང་བས་མ་རྙོང་བ། སྐུའི་ཕྱལ་ཏེ་ལྟོ་བ་མཐོ་དམན་མེད་པས་ཕྱང་ངེ་བ་བཞི་སྐུ་སྨད་ཀྱིའོ།། )
*76-77 His navel is deep, and the designs of his navel coils to the right. (Tib. ལྟེ་བ་གཏིང་ཟབ་པ། ལྟེ་བའི་རི་མོ་གཡས་སུ་འཁྱིལ་བ་གཉིས་དང༌། )
*78-80 The conduct of his three doors is pure, and his behaviour is lovely to behold; his minor marks captivate people’s mind by their mere sight, and the palms and the soles of his feet are marked with auspicious designs, which are counted as one. These three were the general qualities. (Tib. སྒོ་གསུམ་གྱི་ཀུན་སྤྱོད་གཙང་བ། སྤྱོད་ལམ་ཐམས་ཅད་ལྟ་ན་སྡུག་པ་གཉིས་དང༌། དཔེ་བྱད་ཐམས་ཅད་མཐོང་བ་ཙམ་གྱིས་སྐྱེས་བུའི་ཡིད་འཕྲོག་པར་བྱེད་པ་དང་ཕྱག་ཞབས་ཀྱི་མཐིལ་སོགས་ལ་བཀྲ་ཤིས་ཀྱི་རི་མོས་མཚན་པ་གཅིག་དུ་བརྩིས་པས་གསུམ་པོ་དེ་ནི་སྤྱིའི་ཡོན་ཏན་ནོ།། )

==Alternative version==

The '''eighty minor marks of a buddha''' (Tib. <big>དཔེ་བྱེད་བཟང་པོ་བརྒྱད་བཅུ་</big>) are:<ref>''Tibetan-English Dictionary of Buddhist Terminology'', Tsepak Rigdzin, Library of Tibetan Works and Archives. This is based on the ''Great Volume of Precise Understanding'' – ''[[Mahavyutpatti]]'' – drawn up by Tibetan translators in the ninth century at the instigation of the Tibetan dharma-[[king Tri Ralpachen]].</ref>

#His nails are copper-coloured. (Tib. སེན་མོ་ཟངས་ཀྱི་མདོག་ )
#His nails are moderately shiny. (Tib. སེན་མོ་མདོག་སྣུམ་པ་ )
#His nails are raised. (Tib. སེན་མོ་མཐོ་བ་ )
#His fingers are round. (Tib. སོར་མོ་རྣམས་ཟླུམ་པ་ )
#His fingers are broad. (Tib. སོར་མོ་རྣམས་རྒྱས་པ་ )
#His fingers are tapered. (Tib. སོར་མོ་རྣམས་བྱིན་གྱིས་ཕྲ་བ་ )
#His veins do not protrude. (Tib. རྩ་མི་མངོན་པ་ )
#His veins are free of knots. (Tib. རྩ་མདུད་པ་མེད་པ་ )
#His ankles do not protrude. (Tib. ལོང་བུ་མི་མངོན་པ་ )
#His feet are not uneven. (Tib. ཞབསད་མི་མཉམ་པ་མེད་པ་ )
#He walks with a lion's gait. (Tib. སེང་གེའི་སྟབས་སུ་གཤེགས་པ་ )
#He walks with an elephant's gait. (Tib. གླང་པོ་ཆེའི་སྟབས་སུ་གཤེགས་པ་ )
#He walks with the gait of a goose. (Tib. ངང་པའི་སྟབས་སུ་གཤེགས་པ་ )
#He walks with a bull's gait. (Tib. ཁྱུ་མཆོག་གི་སྟབས་སུ་གཤེགས་པ་ )
#His gait tends to the right. (Tib. གཡས་མཆོག་སུ་ལྡོག་ཅིང་གཤེགས་པ་ )
#His gait is elegant. (Tib. མཛེས་པར་གཤེགས་པ་ )
#His gait is steady. (Tib. མི་གཡོ་བར་གཤེགས་པ་ )
#His body is well-covered. (Tib. སྐུ་འཁྲིལ་བག་ཆགས་པ་ )
#His body looks as if it were polished. (Tib. སྐུ་བྱི་དོར་བྱས་པ་ལྟ་བུ་ )
#His body is well-proportioned. (Tib. སྐུ་རིམ་པར་འཚམས་པ་ )
#His body is clean and pure. (Tib. སྐུ་གཙང་ཞིང་རྣམ་པར་དག་པ་ )
#His body is smooth. (Tib. སྐུ་འཇམ་པ་ )
#His body is perfect. (Tib. སྐུ་རྣམ་པར་དག་པ་ )
#His sex organs are fully developed. (Tib. མཚན་རྣམ་པར་རྫོགས་པ་ )
#His physical bearing is excellent and dignified. (Tib. སྐུ་ཁོ་ལག་ཡངས་ཤིང་བཟང་བ་ )
#His steps are even. (Tib. གོམ་པ་སྙོམས་པ་ )
#His eyes are perfect. (Tib. སྤྱན་རྣམ་པར་དག་པ་ )
#He is youthful. (Tib. སྐུ་གཞོན་ཤ་ཅན་ )
#His body is not sunken. (Tib. སྐུ་ཞུམ་པ་མེད་པ་ )
#His body is broad. (Tib. སྐུ་ཞ་རྒྱས་པ་ཉིད་ )
#His body is not loose. (Tib. སྐུ་ཤིན་ཏུ་གྲིམས་པ་ )
#His limbs are well-proportioned. (Tib. ཡན་ལག་དང་ཉིང་ལག་རྣམ་པར་འབྱེས་པ་ ་)
#His vision is clear and unblurred. (Tib. གཟིགས་པ་རབ་མེད་ཅིང་རྣམ་པར་དག་པ་ )
#His belly is round. (Tib. སྐུ་ཟླུམ་པ་ )
#His belly is perfectly moderate. (Tib. སྐུ་སྐབས་ཕྱིན་པ་ )
#His belly is not long. (Tib. སྐུ་མ་རྙོངས་པ་ )
#His belly does not bulge. (Tib. ཕྱལ་ཕྱང་ངེ་བ་མ་ཡིན་པ་ )
#His navel is deep. (Tib.ལྟེ་བ་ཟབ་པ་ )
#His navel winds to the right. (Tib. ལྟེ་བ་གཡས་ཕྱོགས་སུ་འཁྱིལ་བ་ )
#He is perfectly handsome. (Tib. ཀུན་ནས་མཛེས་པ་ )
#His habits are clean. (Tib. ཀུན་ཏུ་སྤྱོད་པ་གཙང་བ་ )
#His body is free of moles and discolouration. (Tib. སྐུ་ལ་རྨི་བ་གནང་བག་མེད་པ་ )
#His hands are as soft as cotton wool. (Tib. ཕྱག་ཤིང་བལ་ལྟར་འཇམ་པ་ )
#The lines of his palms are clear. (Tib. ཕྱག་གི་རི་མོ་མདངས་ཡོད་པ་ )
#The lines of his palms are deep. (Tib. ཕྱག་རི་མོ་ཟབ་པ་ )
#The lines of his palms are long. (Tib. ཕྱག་གི་རི་མོ་རིང་བ་ )
#His face is not overlong. (Tib. ཞལ་ཧ་ཅང་མི་རིང་བ་ )
#His lips are red like copper. (Tib. མཆུ་བིམ་པ་ལྟར་དམར་པ་ )
#His tongue is pliant. (Tib. ལྗགས་མཉེན་པ་ )
#His tongue is thin. (Tib. ལྗགས་སྲབ་པ་ )
#His tongue is red. (Tib. ལྗགས་དམར་བ་ )
#His voice is like thunder. (Tib. གསུང་འབྲུག་གི་སྒྲ་དང་ལྡན་པ་ )
#His voice is sweet and gentle. (Tib. གསུང་སྙན་ཅིང་འཇམ་པ་ )
#His teeth are round. (Tib. མཆེ་བ་ཟླུམ་པ་ )
#His teeth are sharp. (Tib. མཆེ་བ་རྣོ་བ་ )
#His teeth are white. (Tib. མཆེ་བ་དཀར་བ་ )
#His teeth are even. (Tib. མཆེ་བ་མཉམ་པ་ )
#His teeth are tapered. (Tib. མཆེ་བ་བྱིན་གྱིས་ཕྲ་བ་ )
#His nose is prominent. (Tib. ཤངས་མཐོ་བ་ )
#His nose is clean. (Tib. ཤངས་གཙང་བ་ )
#His eyes are clear and wide. (Tib. སྤྱན་ཡངས་པ་ )
#His eyelashes are thick. (Tib.རྫི་མ་ལྟུག་པ་ )
#The black and white parts of his eyes are well-defined and are like lotus petals. (Tib. སྤྱན་་དཀར་ནག་འབྱེས་ཤིང་པད་མའི་འདབ་མ་རངས་པ་ལྟ་བུ་ )
#His eyebrows are long. (Tib. སྨིན་ཚུགས་རིང་བ་ )
#His eyebrows are smooth. (Tib. སྨིན་མ་འཇམ་པ་ )
#His eyebrows are soft. (Tib. སྨིན་མ་སྣུམ་པ་ )
#His eyebrows are evenly haired. (Tib. སྨིན་མའི་སྤུ་མཉམ་པ་ )
#His hands are long and extended. (Tib. ཕྱག་རིང་ཞིང་རྒྱས་པ་ )
#His ears are of equal size. (Tib. སྙན་མཉམ་པ་ )
#His ear sense power is perfect. (Tib. སྙན་གྱི་དབང་པོ་མ་ཉམས་པ་ )
#His forehead is well-formed and well-defined. (Tib. དཔྲལ་བ་ལེགས་པར་འབྱེས་པ་ )
#His forehead is broad. (Tib. དཔྲལ་བ་འབྱེས་ཆེ་བ་ )
#His head is very large. (Tib. དབུ་ཤིན་ཏུ་རྒྱས་པ་ )
#His hair is as black as a bumblebee. (Tib. དབུ་སྐྲ་བུང་བ་ལྟར་གནག་པ་ )
#His hair is thick. (Tib. དབུ་སྐྲ་སྟུག་པ་ )
#His hair is soft. (Tib. དབུ་སྐྲ་འཇམ་པ་ )
#His hair is untangled. (Tib. དབུ་སྐྲ་མ་འཛིངས་པ་ )
#His hair is not unruly. (Tib. དབུ་སྐྲ་མི་གཤོར་བ་ )
#His hair is fragrant. (Tib. དབུ་སྐྲ་དྲི་ཞིམ་པ་ )
#His hands and feet are marked with [[Eight auspicious symbols|auspicious emblems]] such as the glorious endless knot and [[swastika|svastika]]. (Tib. ཕྱག་ཞབས་དཔལ་བེའུ་དང་བཀྲིས་དང་གཡུང་དྲུང་འཁྱིལ་བ་ )

==References==
<references/>

==Internal Links==
*[[Thirty-two major marks of a buddha]]
*[[Enlightened qualities]]
*[[Thirty-nine qualities exclusive to a buddha]]
*[[Eighteen unshared qualities of a buddha]]
*[[Four perfect knowledges]]
*[[Four fearlessnesses]]
*[[Ten powers]]
*[[Khenjuk]]

[[Category: Enumerations]]
[[Category: 80s-Eighties]]

Eighty minor marks of a buddha

2017-02-20T15:39:26Z

SSTC qazwsxed5526：SSTC qazwsxed5526 已移動頁面 Eighty minor marks of a buddha 至 Eighty minor marks of a buddha 八十隨形好（佛陀身相莊嚴之特徵）

#重新導向 [[Eighty minor marks of a buddha 八十隨形好（佛陀身相莊嚴之特徵）]]

Eighty inexhaustibles

2017-02-20T15:39:03Z

SSTC qazwsxed5526：SSTC qazwsxed5526 已移動頁面 Eighty inexhaustibles 至 Eighty inexhaustibles 八十無盡［出自《海意菩薩所問淨印法門經》與米滂仁波切《智者入門》對菩提心的闡釋］

#重新導向 [[Eighty inexhaustibles 八十無盡［出自《海意菩薩所問淨印法門經》與米滂仁波切《智者入門》對菩提心的闡釋］]]

Eighty inexhaustibles 八十無盡

2017-02-20T15:39:02Z

The '''eighty inexhaustibles''' or unceasing factors (Tib. མི་ཟད་པ་བརྒྱད་ཅུ་, [[Wyl.]] ''mi zad pa brgyad cu'') — a means of classifying [[bodhichitta]] given in the ''Sagaramatiparipriccha Sutra'' (''blo gros rgya mtshos zhus pa'i mdo'') and discussed in [[Mipham Rinpoche]]'s ''[[Khenjuk]]''. They are: 
{{Tibetan}}
1) generation of [[bodhichitta]] (སེམས་བསྐྱེད་, ''sems bskyed''), 
2) [[bodhichitta in aspiration|aspiration]] (བསམ་པ་, ''bsam pa''), 
3) [[bodhichitta in action|application]] (སྦྱོར་བ་, ''sbyor ba''), 
4) superior aspiration or noble intention (ལྷག་པའི་བསམ་པ་, ''lhag pa’i bsam pa''), 
5-10) the [[six transcendent perfections]] (ཕ་རོལ་ཏུ་ཕྱིན་པ་དྲུག་, ''pha rol tu phyin pa drug''), 
11-14) the [[four immeasurables]] (ཚད་མེད་བཞི་, ''tshad med bzhi''), 
14-19) the [[five supernatural perceptions]] (མངོན་ཤེས་ལྔ་, ''mngon shes lnga''), 
20-23) the [[four means of attraction]] (བསྡུ་བའི་དངོས་པོ་བཞི་, ''bsdu ba'i dngos po bzhi''), 
23-27) the [[four genuine masteries of specifics]] (སོ་སོ་ཡང་དག་པ་རིག་པ་བཞི་, ''so so yang dag pa rig pa bzhi''), 
28-31) the [[four reliances]] (རྟོན་པ་བཞི, ''rton pa bzhi''), 
32-33) the [[two accumulations]] (ཚོགས་གཉིས་, ''tshogs gnyis''), 
34-70) the [[thirty-seven factors of enlightenment]] (བྱང་ཕྱོགས་སོ་དབདུན་, ''byang phyogs so bdun''), 
71-72) [[shamatha]] and [[vipashyana]] (ཞི་ལྷག་གཉིས་, ''zhi lhag gnyis''), 
73-74) perfect recall and courageous eloquence (གཟུངས་སྤོབས་གཉིས་, ''gzungs spobs gnyis''), 
75-78) the [[four seals]] of the Dharma (ཆོས་ཀྱི་སྡོམ་བཞི, ''chos kyi sdom bzhi''), 
79) the single path to be traversed (བགྲོད་པ་གཅིག་པ་, ''bgrod pa gcig pa''), and 
80) skill in means (ཐབས་ལ་མཁས་པ་, ''thabs la mkhas pa'') 

[[Category:Bodhichitta]]
[[Category:Khenjuk]]
[[Category:Enumerations]]
[[Category:80s-Eighties]]

Eighty indicative conceptions 八十性妄（八十種遮蔽心性的妄想執著）

2017-02-20T15:38:39Z

SSTC qazwsxed5526：SSTC qazwsxed5526 已移動頁面 Eighty indicative conceptions 至 Eighty indicative conceptions 八十性妄（八十種遮蔽心性的妄想執著）

'''Eighty indicative conceptions''' ([[Wyl.]] ''rang bzhin brgyad cu‘i kun rtog'') — various emotional and cognitive states. They are divided into three groups:
*the ''first group'' (which are states resulting from [[anger]]) has '''thirty-three''',
*the ''second'' (which are states resulting from [[desire]]) has '''forty''', and
*the ''third'' (which are states resulting from [[ignorance]]) has '''seven''' types of conceptualization.

==Alternative Translations==
*eighty inherent thought states

==Further Reading==
*Glossary in [[Tsele Natsok Rangdrol]], ''Lamp of Mahamudra'' (Boston & Shaftesbury: Shambhala, 1989), pages 83-84.
*[[Dalai Lama]], ''Vision of Enlightenment'', page 264 and 300.
*[[Sogyal Rinpoche]], ''[[The Tibetan Book of Living and Dying]]'' (revised and updated edition, Harper San Francisco, 2002), 'The Inner Dissolution', page 258.
*[[Tsele Natsok Rangdrol]], ''Mirror of Mindfulness'' (Boston & Shaftesbury: Shambhala, 1989), pages 32-34.

[[Category: Bardos]]
[[Category: Enumerations]]
[[Category: 80s-Eighties]]

Eighty indicative conceptions

2017-02-20T15:38:39Z

SSTC qazwsxed5526：SSTC qazwsxed5526 已移動頁面 Eighty indicative conceptions 至 Eighty indicative conceptions 八十性妄（八十種遮蔽心性的妄想執著）

#重新導向 [[Eighty indicative conceptions 八十性妄（八十種遮蔽心性的妄想執著）]]

Seventy points 七十義（出自《現觀莊嚴論》Abhisamayalankara）

2017-02-20T15:37:26Z

SSTC qazwsxed5526：SSTC qazwsxed5526 已移動頁面 Seventy points 至 Seventy points 七十義（出自《現觀莊嚴論》Abhisamayalankara）

'''Seventy points''' (Skt. ''arthasaptati''; Tib. དོན་བདུན་བཅུ་, [[Wyl.]] ''don bdun bcu'') — the seventy points covered within the [[eight topics]] of the ''[[Abhisamayalankara]]'' consist of:

#[[ten factors that illustrate omniscience]]
#[[eleven factors that illustrate path knowledge]]
#[[nine factors that illustrate base-knowledge]]
#[[eleven factors that illustrate the application of all aspects]]
#[[eight points illustrating the culminating application]]
#[[thirteen points illustrating the progressive application]]
#[[four points illustrating the instantaneous application]]
#[[four points illustrating the dharmakaya]]

==External Links==
* {{LH|tibetan-masters/khenpo-tsondru/seventy-points-abhisamayalankara|''The Seventy Points of the Abhisamayalankara—The Words of Jikmé Chökyi Wangpo: A Commentary Presenting the Subject Matter of the Great Treatise, the Abhisamayalankara''}}

[[Category:Abhisamayalankara]]
[[Category:Enumerations]]
[[Category:70s-Seventies]]

Seventy points

2017-02-20T15:37:26Z

SSTC qazwsxed5526：SSTC qazwsxed5526 已移動頁面 Seventy points 至 Seventy points 七十義（出自《現觀莊嚴論》Abhisamayalankara）

#重新導向 [[Seventy points 七十義（出自《現觀莊嚴論》Abhisamayalankara）]]

Sixty aspects of the melodious speech of a buddha

2017-02-20T15:36:00Z

SSTC qazwsxed5526：SSTC qazwsxed5526 已移動頁面 Sixty aspects of the melodious speech of a buddha 至 Sixty aspects of the melodious speech of a buddha 六十支妙音（佛語的六十種功德）

#重新導向 [[Sixty aspects of the melodious speech of a buddha 六十支妙音（佛語的六十種功德）]]

Sixty aspects of the melodious speech of a buddha 六十支妙音（佛語的六十種功德）

2017-02-20T15:35:59Z

The meaning of manifesting as the sounds of the [[dharma]] endowed with the '''sixty aspects of melodious speech''' (Tib. གསུང་དབྱངས་ཡན་ལག་དྲུག་ཅུ་ ) is described in both [[Sutra]] and [[Tantra]].

First, according to the ‘[[Sutra on the Inconceivable Secret]]’:

:Gentle, soft, appealing, and attractive,
:Pure, flawless, distinct, and captivating,
:Worthy, indomitable, pleasant, melodious, and clear,
:Not rough, not coarse, and extremely pleasing to hear,
:Satisfying for body, for mind, and delightful,
:Creating happiness, without sorrow, and instigating insight,
:Comprehensible, elucidating, and generating joy,
:Utterly enjoyable, bringing comprehension and full understanding,
:Reasonable, relevant, free from the fault of repetition,
:Melodious like the sound of the lion, the elephant, and the dragon,
:Like the naga king, the gandharvas, and the kalapinga bird,
:Like the melodious voice of Brahma and the shangshang bird,
:Majestic like the voice and the drum of Indra,
:Not boastful and pervading all sounds without utterance,
:Without corruption of words, without incompleteness,
:Not feeble, not weak, extremely magnificent,
:Pervasive, free from rigidity,
:Connecting interruption and perfecting all sounds,
:Satisfying the senses, not inferior, and unchanging,
:Not blurting and fully resounding to the assembly,
:Endowed with the supreme of all aspects,
:He teaches in the manner of the profound and vast teachings.

Second, according to Tantra, there are six categories: like the voice of Brahma, cymbals, singing, the kalapinga bird, thunder, and the sitar. There are sixty aspects when each of them is multiplied by these ten: generating understanding, comprehensible, respectable, without discord, extremely profound, acceptable, indomitable, pleasing to hear, unconfused, and extremely distinct.

Moreover, there are sixty aspects when these ten natures each have six occasions: being most resonant, all-pervading, immediately comprehensible, clearing doubts, commanding presence, showing immediacy, completely engaging, interesting, distinctive, and taming everyone. <ref>*Appendix 10 in ''The Light of Wisdom Volume 1''. Root text by Padmasambhava and commentary by Jamgön Kongtrül the Great. Published by Shambhala Publications ISBN 0-87773-566-2 </ref>

==References==
<references/>

==Internal Links==
*[[Thirty-two major marks of a buddha]]
*[[Eighty minor marks of a buddha]]
*[[Enlightened qualities]]
*[[Thirty-nine qualities exclusive to a buddha]]
*[[Eighteen unshared qualities of a buddha]]
*[[Four perfect knowledges]]
*[[Four fearlessnesses]]
*[[Ten powers]]
*[[Khenjuk]]

[[Category: Enumerations]]
[[Category:60s-Sixties]]

Decode_Wiki - 使用者貢獻 [zh-tw]

Madhyamika

Madhyamika 中觀派

Two accumulations 二資糧

Two accumulations

Vinaya

Vinaya 律藏 / 毗奈耶

Trikaya Sutra

Trikaya Sutra 三身經

Tantra

Tantra 續

Sutra

Sutra 經 / 修多羅

Smaller Sukhavativyuha Sutra

Smaller Sukhavativyuha Sutra 阿彌陀經（或稱《小無量壽經》）

Ratnakuta

Ratnakuta 寶積經

Mahamaya

Mahamaya 摩訶摩耶皇后

Kurukulla 咕如咕列佛母／作明佛母

Kurukulla 咕嚕咕列佛母／作明佛母

Kangyur

Kangyur 甘珠爾（藏文大藏經之「佛語部」）

Avatamsaka Sutra 華嚴經

Avatamsaka Sutra

Akashagarbha Sutra

Akashagarbha Sutra 虛空藏菩薩經

Eighty-four mahasiddhas

Eighty-four mahasiddhas 印度八十四大成就者

Eighty minor marks of a buddha 八十隨形好（佛陀身相莊嚴之特徵）

Eighty minor marks of a buddha

Eighty inexhaustibles

Eighty inexhaustibles 八十無盡

Eighty indicative conceptions 八十性妄（八十種遮蔽心性的妄想執著）

Eighty indicative conceptions

Seventy points 七十義（出自《現觀莊嚴論》Abhisamayalankara）

Seventy points

Sixty aspects of the melodious speech of a buddha

Sixty aspects of the melodious speech of a buddha 六十支妙音 （佛語的六十種功德）

Sixty aspects of the melodious speech of a buddha 六十支妙音（佛語的六十種功德）